tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-31401296859483626662024-02-08T08:29:24.677-08:00Dissertation helpMikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.comBlogger240125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-19039684120512937912020-08-26T12:11:00.001-07:002020-08-26T12:11:05.062-07:00Pulp Fiction Review essaysMash Fiction Review expositions Quentin Tarantinos 1994 film industry hit Pulp Fiction made another classification: film noir with the mockery and thwarted expectation of the 90s. Base circumstances and maggot characters some way or another don't put on a show of being emotional and stunning, yet rather as conventional and reasonable. Tarantino, a self-educated, once video store agent, has made a film not founded on reality yet dependent on film. Mash Fiction is a whimsical glance at common film prosaisms, going from the hazardous existence of a mobster to the returning of an energetic war legend. While Pulp Fiction is just periodically roar with laughter entertaining, a smile stays painted on the lips of its watchers all through the span of the more than two hour film. The exceptional by one way or another gets standard and the customary by one way or another appears to be wrong. Maybe it is the disregard with which Tarantino approaches tranquilize use and viciousness that has insulted such a significant number of individuals, yet alternately, it is that equivalent easygoing nature that makes the film bereft of judgment and in this manner attracts individuals to it. The screenplay, composed by Tarantino and Roger Avary, is speedy and clever. Activity is padded by exchange, and even without activity, the discourse is sufficiently able to remain all alone. The most charming chitchat happens between sorted out wrongdoing accomplices, Jules and Vincent Vega. Vincent Vega, played by John Travolta, is a benevolent contract killer who, regardless of his haughtiness, for the most part messes things up. Travolta gives a heavenly presentation, making a presumptuous, moderately aged hooligan appear to be innocuous, beguiling, and strangely loveable. Samuel L. Jackson is given a role as Vincent Vegas better half, Jules. Jackson conveys his lines with an unfaltering certainty and Shaft-style perfection. Lines which might appear to be over-the-top, through the help of Jacksons stunning screen nearness, seem to be threatening and quite cool. Causing it to appear satisfactory, in any case fundamental that Jules should... <! Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-28656455625418536432020-08-22T08:08:00.001-07:002020-08-22T08:08:17.711-07:00An Overview of the Top Awards and Honors for EconomistsAn Overview of the Top Awards and Honors for Economists As anyone might expect, the most renowned honor that a living financial specialist can get is the Nobel Prize in Economics, granted by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Nobel Prize is, from numerous points of view, a lifetime accomplishment grant, notwithstanding the way that its regularly granted to financial analysts a long time before they resign. Since 2001, the prize itself has been 10 million Swedish kronor, which is proportional to between $1 million and $2 million, contingent upon the conversion scale. The Nobel Prize can be part among numerous people, and prizes in financial aspects have been shared by up to three individuals in a given year. (At the point when a prize is shared, it is commonly the situation that the champs fields of study share a typical topic.) Winners of the Nobel Prize are called Nobel Laureates, since in old Greece tree wreaths were utilized as an indication of triumph and respect. In fact talking, the Nobel Prize in Economics is certainly not a genuine Nobel Prize. The Nobel Prizes were built up in 1895 by Alfred Nobel (upon his passing) in the classifications of material science, science, writing, medication and harmony. The financial matters prize is really named the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel and was built up and supplied by Sveriges Riksbank, Swedens national bank, in 1968 on the banks 300th commemoration. This differentiation is generally immaterial from a commonsense point of view, since the prize sums and the designation and determination forms are the equivalent for the Economics prize concerning the first Nobel Prizes. The main Nobel Prize in Economics was granted in 1969 to the Dutch and Norwegian financial analysts Jan Tinbergen and Ragnar Frisch. Numerous financial analysts have been granted from that point forward. Just a single lady, Elinor Ostrom in 2009, has won a Nobel Prize in Economics. The most lofty prize granted explicitly to an American business analyst (or a least a financial analyst working in the United States at that point) is the John Bates Clark Medal. The John Bates Clark Medal is granted by the American Economic Association to whom it considers to be the most cultivated as well as promising financial analyst younger than forty. The primary John Bates Clark Medal was granted in 1947 to Paul Samuelson, and, while the decoration used to be granted each other year, it has been granted in April of consistently since 2009. On account of the age limitation and the renowned idea of the honor, its lone common that numerous financial experts who win the John Bates Clark Medal later proceed to win the Nobel Prize in Economics. Actually, around 40 percent of John Bates Clark Medal champs have proceeded to win the Nobel Prize, regardless of the way that the primary Nobel Prize in Economics wasnt granted until 1969. (Paul Samuelson, the principal John Bates Clark Medal beneficiary, won only the subsequent Nobel Prize in Economics, granted in 1970.) One other honor that conveys a ton of weight in the financial matters world is the MacArthur Fellowship, also called a virtuoso award. This honor is conceded by the John D. what's more, Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, which declares by and large somewhere in the range of 20 and 30 beneficiaries every year. 850 champs have been picked between June 1981 and September 2011, and every victor gets a no surprises cooperation of $500,000, paid out quarterly over a five-year time span. The MacArthur Fellowship is remarkable in various manners. To start with, the selecting board of trustees searches out individuals in a wide assortment of fields as opposed to concentrating on a specific region of study or aptitude. Second, the partnership is granted to people who display an ability to do imaginative and important work and is in this way an interest in future outcomes as opposed to just a compensation for past accomplishment. Third, the naming procedure is clandestine and champs are ignorant that they are significantly getting looked at until they get a call disclosing to them that theyve won. As indicated by the establishment, over twelve market analysts (or financial matters related social researchers) have won MacArthur Fellowships, starting with Michael Woodford in the debut year. Curiously, six MacArthur Fellows (starting at 2015) - Esther Duflo, Kevin Murphy, Matthew Rabin, Emmanuel Saez, Raj Chetty, and Roland Fryer-have additionally won the John Bates Clark Medal. Notwithstanding there being noteworthy cover among the beneficiaries of these three honors, no market analyst has accomplished the triple crown of financial matters yet. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-11876486072153389822020-08-19T05:43:00.001-07:002020-08-19T05:43:03.517-07:00Book Riots Deals of the Day for February 15, 2020Book Riotâs Deals of the Day for February 15, 2020 Sponsored by Random House. These deals were active as of this writing, but may expire soon, so get them while theyâre hot! 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Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-60522181225455726672020-05-24T10:55:00.001-07:002020-05-24T10:55:05.383-07:00French Determiners Adjectifs déterminants Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-28572919384774543752020-05-13T15:45:00.001-07:002020-05-13T15:45:04.052-07:00A Report On The Cyber Security Triad - 1133 Words Look at your nightly news: nearly every week another major business and sector are targeted- and breached- by cyber attackers that are intent on economic theft and/or operational disruption. Just a few years ago, industrial control system (ICS) operators could never have imagined the malicious attacks cyber adversaries are executing DAILY. The New Reality is clear: technical sophistication of attacks can only be offset by a sound defense-in-depth approach. ICS systems thrive on availability more than confidentiality and integrity (the ââ¬Å"Cyber Security Triadâ⬠) which enables the accurate and efficient control of power system assets. Attacks can be directed at either specific electrical systems or common systems owned by multiple assetâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦By concentrating on our infrastructure and the associated vulnerabilities, then we can mitigate threats using Best Practices to correct exploitable vulnerabilities. However, a new breed of threat has emerged: the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT). While future versions of CIP Standards are beginning to address APTs, many entities are not waiting for their defense to be ââ¬Å"mandatedâ⬠by law. Many entities are preparing by improving their ability to detect threat patterns and designing improved threat response and mitigation. The investment in prevention, detection and correction of cyber threats has emerged as a major governance goal of most power generation and transmission entities. A Defense-in-Depth approach is a multi-layered strategy and tactical assault on the threat vectors facing both the Information Technology (IT) side of the business and the Operational Technology (OT) side. This approach must be coordinated and aligned to achieve significant vulnerability reduction. To begin with, facilities must implement an achievable process that will enlist the support of every team member from the CEO to the operators. This starts with a Cyber Security Plan. Step One- Asset Management: Identification of Data, Devices and Systems It is crucial to understand your cyber environment: hardware, software, operating systems, storage, etc. Attackers frequently take advantage of system hardware that has been Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-70155217899066090632020-05-06T13:59:00.001-07:002020-05-06T13:59:18.618-07:00Abolishing the Death Penalty Thesis Free Essays Abolishing the Death Penalty October 18, 2010 Abolishing the Death Penalty The death penalty has been an active force in the United States for decades. In the early history of our country, public executions were quite popular. Thousands have been executed with the majority occurring in the early twentieth century. We will write a custom essay sample on Abolishing the Death Penalty Thesis or any similar topic only for you Order Now But public sentiment towards the executions began to wane as the concepts of basic human rights were being developed throughout the century. As a result, a kind of unofficial moratorium was placed on all executions while several Supreme Court cases were taking place to determine the legality of the punishment. The result of the cases actually made the death penalty illegal as it stood, so several states rewrote their laws, being more specific as to the circumstances as to which the penalty can be applied. The Supreme Court reversed its decision and those states that met the new compliance could reinstate the death penalty. Today, it is legal to execute death row prisoners in all but fifteen states. While it may be legal, it still holds that the death penalty has not and cannot accomplish the task that it has been reinstated to fulfill. Part I: Thesis The death penalty should be abolished for a variety of reasons. Initially, the death penalty has long been held to be inherently unjust. It is considered unjust in relation to its application, unjust as to the type of punishment utilized and unjust as a punishment at all. It has and continues to be argued in court that the executions amount to what is considered cruel and unusual punishment and so barbaric that it should be done away with as a type of punishment. It is a sad but true statement to say that the United States is one of the last democratic nations to continue to utilize the death penalty. Our country has wavered back in forth on the issue of capital punishment being illegal and a breach of human rights. Additionally, even while continuing to use the death penalty it has not shown to be a deterrent of crime and actually may increase it. Opponents of the death penalty also recognize that it has not been applied fairly. For instance, minorities, the poor, and the mentally disabled tend to receive the death penalty with far greater consistency than their counterparts. That cannot be a punishment representative of a great industrialized country. Those against the death penalty also recognize the cost involved with executing a prisoner. To actually take a death row inmate through the complete appellate system, so as to ensure the inmateââ¬â¢s guilt without any doubt, would cost exponentially more than housing the same inmate for the duration of their life. The monies saved could be better served if used towards something positive, like victimââ¬â¢s programs or the like. Lastly, the death penalty is a punishment that is irrevocable; its effects are permanent and there is the sad reality that innocent lives may be lost. There is no perfect system and mistakes are bound to be made. This is one mistake, however, that cannot be corrected. This is why the death penalty cannot be the United Statesââ¬â¢ answer for grave offenders of the law. Part II: Anti-Thesis Proponents of the death penalty are large in number. According to many polls, as many as 80% of the American population still favor capital punishment. One reason for this is society as a whole believes that if a person kills another person, the killer forfeits his right to his own life. (Christie, 1990). If a person shows such complete and utter disregard for human life, the question is posed, why should any regard be shown for the person? Also, those in favor of using the death penalty argue that it is a just punishment for the crime and it is reliable. After all, though some states are trying to punish people with death for other heinous crimes, such as rape and repeat child molestation, so far the death penalty can only be imposed on murder cases. As far as the reliability argument, supporters will always point out that because of the thoroughness in applying and appealing death penalty cases, the process itself will weed out the innocent and wrongly convicted. Proponents of the death penalty also view it as a deterrent to crime. ââ¬Å"Same oldâ⬠, 1990). Just by having the possible punishment of death as an end result to a heinous crime has lowered the murder rate in some states. The feeling is that the more executions you have, the lower the homicide rate you will have. Not to mention the innocent lives you will save. Supporters of capital punishment will cite studies showing that murderers who are allowed to live will inevitably kill again. Studies have shown that murderers awaiting their death penalty sentence to be carried out have killed correction officers, knowing there could be no additional fate assigned to them. Another argument made in favor of the death penalty is one of Biblical proportions. There are some activists that say the Bible itself proclaims the right to execute a perpetrator of the most serious of crimes by quoting a scripture from Leviticus 24:20 ââ¬â ââ¬Å"â⬠¦fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth. As he has injured the other, so he is to be injured. â⬠The old adage has not been lost on those who feel that it is their God given right to enforce the laws that God has given them regarding the taking of a human life. Gray, 2010) Lastly, many supporters of capital punishment feel that it is appropriate to give a punishment that fits the crime and one that is universal. It doesnââ¬â¢t matter a personââ¬â¢s color, race, creed, ethnicity, nationality, gender, or financial status; if two people, one white and one ââ¬Å"non-whiteâ⬠, commit the exact same crime under the exact same circumstances, they in fact should receive the exact same punishm ent. It is believed that the death penalty, when applied under the circumstance of murder in the first degree with aggravating circumstances, is the great equalizer, with everyone being treated the same in the eyes of the law. Part III: Synthesis It is important that the United States realizes, sooner than later, that the death penalty has to be abolished. Proponents want us to think that a killer forfeits his own life. But the reality is all life is precious, regardless of its form or merit. (Thomson, 2001). Although someone has taken a life, and in no way should that be trivialized, it does not change that situation by killing the offender. All it does is show that two wrongs do not make a right. The execution of the murderer does not bring the victim back to life. Quite frankly, the death penalty often provides a way out for the offender and if punishment was the true desire of the sentence then there are situations, other than execution that may be far more punitive than the taking of his or her life. (Thomson, 2001). When it comes to reliability, the argument on behalf of the death penalty doesnââ¬â¢t hold up to scrutiny. Yes, it is true that the exhaustive appeals process does on occasion help to find innocent people who have been convicted of murder. This is largely due to the relatively new innovation of DNA technology as it relates to crime scene investigation. (Gzedit, 2010). Well, if anything, this proves the fallibility of the death penalty process. If over 131 death row inmates could be exonerated and released from death row, that shows just how faulty the system is and proves it is unreliable. Again, as stated previously, once a prisoner has been executed, there is no returning from the grave to say a mistake has been made. At least if the inmate was serving a life sentence and found innocent, they could be released, although still wronged by a jail sentence, but it is a correctable injustice. One of the main arguments in favor of the death penalty is that it serves as a deterrent to serious crime. Would it surprise you to know that this simply is not true? It is a proven fact that the death penalty has not demonstrably deterred crime. (ââ¬Å"Same oldâ⬠, 1990). The 2004 Uniform Crime Report that was published by the FBI published that Southern states demonstrated the highest murder rate in the country, despite being responsible for 85% of the nationââ¬â¢s executions. (Friedman, 2006, p. 37). As further evidence that the death penalty doesnââ¬â¢t deter crime I introduce you to the state of Texas which has been nicknamed the ââ¬Å"killing machineâ⬠because they tend to exercise the death penalty frequently and rapidly. Even with capital punishment Texas has a disturbing murder rate of 5. 6 per 100,000 persons s opposed to Massachusetts, which banned executions and only has a murder rate of 2. 6. (Gzedit, 2010). As for the idea that people who kill once develop an appetite to kill again, there have been no definitive studies that prove this theory. This mindset is based on gut reaction, conjecture, and hysteria. Perhaps one of the most controversial arguments in favor of the death penalty is the interpreted law given by God to exact the same punishment on the criminal as was forced upon the victim. Supporters of this notion quote scripture from the Holy Bible as a sort of guideline to follow. However the Bible also has scripture that specifically refutes the idea of the death penalty as retribution for man to man. For example, Matthew 5:38-39 insists that violence shall not beget violence. James 4:12 says that God is the only one who can take a life in the name of justice. Leviticus 19:18 warns against vengeance (which, really, is what the death penalty amounts to). In John 8:7, Jesus himself says, ââ¬Å"let he who is without sin cast the first stone. This is truly what Jesus would do! Finally, proponents of the death penalty exclaim that executions are given with perfect exactness according to the crime, without regard to race, color, creed, nationality, etcâ⬠¦ , basically saying without bias. However, many different studies have show that the likelihood of you receiving the death penalty increases according to those very attributes. People of color are more likely than t heir white counterparts to receive the death penalty for committing the same crime under the same circumstances. Also, blacks that murder white victims are far likelier to end up on death row than whites killing blacks. Furthermore, studies show that prosecutors are more likely to seek the death penalty against blacks than they will for whites who commit the same crime. (Friedman, 2006, pp. 86-89). So much for all being equal under the law! So, as you see, we are a country somewhat divided. While the majority of Americans still favour the idea of using the death penalty, it has become an increasingly more controversial subject. The United States always holds its head up high as the leader of the free world and is quick to condemn other countries with regards to their human rights violations. How then can we continue to justify our use of this antiquated, archaic method of punishment? It is time that our country steps in line with the rest of the industrialized countries into the 21st century and do away with the death penalty once and for all. References Gzedit. (2010, January 27). Pro-death: :America alone. The Charleston Gazette,A. 4. Retrieved October 13, 2010, from ProQuest Newsstand. Document ID: 1948771421). Christie, J. (1990, March 29). At Last, Punishment Fits the Crime Death penalty: It has wide support because ordinary citizens identify with media images of brutalized victims :[Home Edition]. Los Angeles Times (pre-1997 Fulltext),p. 7. Retrieved October 13, 2010, from Los Angeles Times. (Document ID: 60026222). Friedman, L. (2006). The death penalty. Greenhaven Press Gray, L. (4à November). Houston Chronicle Lisa Gray column: Life, death and the prodigal son. McClatchy ââ¬â Tribune Business News. Retrieved October 19, 2010, from ProQuest Newsstand. (Document ID:à 1893533451). Same old anti-crime hype. (1990, October 15). Milwaukee Journal,p. a06. Retrieved October 13, 2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document ID: 64063217). Thomson, R. (2001, June 18). A consistent pro-life stance rules out the death penal ty :[SARASOTA Edition]. Sarasota Herald Tribune,p. BS1. Retrieved October 13, 2010, from ProQuest Newsstand. (Document ID: 74204727). How to cite Abolishing the Death Penalty Thesis, Papers Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-60963345923389490092020-05-05T05:30:00.001-07:002020-05-05T05:30:03.467-07:00Variation Orders in Highway Projects in Oman- myassignmenthelp Question: Discuss about theVariation Orders in Highway Projects in Oman. Answer: The type of the variation order can be established by analyzing the cause of their occurrence and their respective effects. Variation orders can be divided in to two types and they are beneficial and the detrimental orders. The issue of the beneficial order is done to ensure improvement in the quality, cost reduction, degree of difficulty and the standard of the project. The balance between the functionality, cost and the durability of the project is obtained by initiating a value analysis (Han, Love and Pea-Mora 2013). This type of variation order is issued to reduce the unnecessary cost involved in the project. Detrimental variation order has a negative impact on the value of the client and project performance. The financial problems of a client can be resolved by using detrimental variation order. Causes of variation orders by client The project is initiated by the client and plays an important part throughout the project. The client is the one who decides on the objective and the respective needs of the project. The quality standard of the project is determined as per the requirement of the client. The variation has to be reduced by the client during the construction and the design of the project. The scope of the project is very important as it helps to identify the clear baseline for the project (Kikwasi 2013). Moreover, there are two types of clients, one who has the knowledge regarding the construction industry and others are the clients who have minimal knowledge regarding the construction industry. These clients are totally dependent on their designer and so it is necessary to identify the exact needs of the client. The clients who do not have any knowledge regarding the industry are the ones who frequently change the variation order are they keep on changing the requirements through the commencement of th e project. Moreover, the changes proposed by these clients will be major, it will result in the degradation in the quality of the project, and at the same time will increase the cost of the project (Mubarak 2015). Causes of variation orders by consultant Architects, specialists, designers, engineers, cost consultants and project managers are the members of the consultant team. The goals and the scope of the project have to be clearly understood by the consultants. The consultants will always feel superior to the contractors, which may result to less focus on the request of the contractor (Mohammad, Ani and Rakmat 2017). When the consultants are unable to understand clearly the needs and requirement of the client, it will result in variation orders, which will be issued in context to the requirement of the clients. The consultants may be unaware of the availability of new products and materials which could act as a replacement and this may lead to a variation order which will be issued to give the project a better method of construction. Causes of variation orders by contractors Contractors are responsible for the issue of the variation order when there are technical issues in the documentation of the project. The information provided is not fully accurate all the time and it may happen that the contractor suggests appropriate method for the better execution of the project (Mohammed, Mohammed and Hassan 2017). Contactors may suggest alternate method, which are suitable for the execution of the project in their field of expertise. Moreover, the contractors may identify various omissions, discrepancies, conflicts and errors in the documentation of the project. The contractors may request an issue of a variation order to resolve the issue by allotting additional cost to the project. Causes of variation order by external factors There are various external factors, which cause the issue of the variation order, and they are change in the government regulation, changes in weather, changes in economic condition and changes in the needs of the local resident. There are instances where the government policies and regulations change which cause the change in the construction design and other factors (Senouci et al. 2016). Variation order has to be issued to make changes to the documentation of the project. There are instances when extreme weather conditions such as rain can hamper the construction and measures have to be taken to reschedule the construction and documentation of the project. The economic scenario may change due to instances such as corruption. When anyone in the project is involved in corruption, variation order will have to be issued so that the documentation has to be changed. The corruption may be in the field of money laundering which will cause the change in the entire cost of the project. The requirement of the client has to be fulfilled and the changes in the documentation have to be done to meet the needs of the client. The management team will have to be changed if anyone is involved in the fraud and will have to be removed immediately as a best interest of the client (Hanif et al. 2016). There are instances where the construction will cause issues for the residents in the neighbouring areas and the management team will have to change their course of action to accommodate the needs of the nearby residents. Impact of variation order The various impact of the variation orders are cost overruns, quality degradation and time overruns. The issue of the variation order will have always have an impact on the cost of the project. The changes will increase the cost associated with overall construction of the project and the costs that are associated with the variation orders are material and time charges, standing time, effect of timing, change of inflation to cash flow and time of management (Oyewobi et al. 2016). There are variation orders, which are issued at different phases of the project, and this will negatively affect both the time of completion and overall cost of the project. The issue of frequent variation orders will degrade the quality of the project as the contractors will try to compensate the extra time and cost incurred by degrading the quality of the project. Reference Han, S., Love, P. and Pea-Mora, F., 2013. A system dynamics model for assessing the impacts of design errors in construction projects.Mathematical and Computer Modelling,57(9), pp.2044-2053. Hanif, H., Khurshid, M.B., Lindhard, S.M. and Aslam, Z., 2016. Impact of Variation Orders on Time and Cost in Mega Hydropower Projects of Pakistan.Journal of Construction in Developing Countries,21(2), p.37. Kikwasi, G., 2013, February. Causes and effects of delays and disruptions in construction projects in Tanzania. InAustralasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building-Conference Series(Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 52-59). Mohammad, N., Ani, A.I.C. and Rakmat, R.A.O., 2017. Causes and effects of variation orders in the construction of terrace housing projects: A case study in the State of Selangor, Malaysia.International Journal of Supply Chain Management,6(1), pp.226-232. Mohammed, E.A.E., Mohammed, S.Y. and Hassan, A.S., 2017. Preliminary Investigation on the Causes of Variation Orders in Building Projects-Studied Cases in the State of Khartoum, Sudan. Mubarak, S.A., 2015.Construction project scheduling and control. John Wiley Sons. Oyewobi, L.O., Oyewobi, L.O., Jimoh, R., Jimoh, R., Ganiyu, B.O., Ganiyu, B.O., Shittu, A.A. and Shittu, A.A., 2016. Analysis of causes and impact of variation order on educational building projects.Journal of Facilities Management,14(2), pp.139-164. Senouci, A., Alsarraj, A., Gunduz, M. and Eldin, N., 2016. Analysis of change orders in Qatari construction projects.International Journal of Construction Management, pp.1-13. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-75628742629020425632020-03-31T10:20:00.001-07:002020-03-31T10:20:03.662-07:00On Miracles by David Hume Essay ExampleOn Miracles by David Hume Essay David Humeââ¬â¢s essay On Miracles is a strong refutation of supernatural phenomena, often linked to divine intervention. Hume states boldly that even religious events such as miracles should be judged on the basis of empirical evidence. He thus makes evidence the chief determinant of credibility. The credibility of a claimed miracle will increase in proportion to the reliability, method and number of witnesses. Hence Hume dismisses outright any kind of revelatory recounting of miracles. Take say, the example of the resurrection of Christ three days after his death. Though it is an important miracle in Christian theology, it fails the rigorous standards of empiricism that Hume mandates. We only have references to the event in the scriptures, the writing of which happened much later than the event ââ¬â sometimes centuries later. On top of this, those who witnessed Christââ¬â¢s resurrection were invariably the faithful, who wished that it were so. Moreover, even if a claimed miracle is attested by numerous witnesses, its veracity becomes dubious if a greater number testify the opposite. A major thrust of Humeââ¬â¢s thesis is that the burden of proof lies heavily upon those claiming miracles. Hume defines a miracle as that event which has defined laws of nature. As a consequence witnesses of miracles are required to bring high credibility to their evidence. But this is easier said than done, as there are inherent mitigating factors. Firstly, since an overwhelming majority of people are religiously inclined and have accepted miracles as acts of God, their psyche would lack the requisite scepticism and objectivity in evaluating a claimed miracle. Second, individuals do not merely perceive events through their senses but through the lens of their cognitive faculties. Our cognitive faculties are trained and cultivated through our education and exposure to various life experiences. Since there is a great deal of variability among humans in this regard, no two individuals would perceive an event in the same way. We will write a custom essay sample on On Miracles by David Hume specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on On Miracles by David Hume specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on On Miracles by David Hume specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hume also articulates the ââ¬Ëargument from miraclesââ¬â¢. Since every religion claims its own set of miracles, the devotee to a religion believes in one set to the exclusion of the rest. The same is done by the practitioner of another religion. So, for a neutral observer, every miracle has more disbelievers than believers. This begs the question if there is an element of fanaticism behind these beliefs. In my view, if I have to pick one flaw in the essay, it would be the element of circularity in one of the arguments. Hume recognizes miracles as those events that are exceptions to the natural order. By requiring testimony of huge numbers of people separated in time and place, Hume somewhat pre-empts any potential claims of miracles. This is so because, historically, no miracle had ever been evidenced in such scale, and nor are they likely to happen in the future. Hence Humeââ¬â¢s imposition of enough satisfactory evidence to compensate for the highly exceptional of the miraculous event is a circular argument. On Miracles was published circa 1748. It was a key period in European history, as the hold of religious superstition was giving way to scientific understanding. Humeââ¬â¢s essay is an important contribution to the literature of the Enlightenment. Although there is deficit of terminology in some of Humeââ¬â¢s arguments, they largely remain meritorious. In the two and half centuries since Humeââ¬â¢s essay, philosophical vocabulary is considerably enhanced and can rearticulate Humeââ¬â¢s thesis with greater cogency. Interestingly, while belief in miracles is not as rampant today as it was in the early 18th century, a great portion of humanity still holds such views. Exposure to Humeââ¬â¢s rigorous tour of logic will help move them toward rationality. David Humeââ¬â¢s essay On Miracles is a strong refutation of supernatural phenomena, often linked to divine intervention. Hume states boldly that even religious events such as miracles should be judged on the basis of empirical evidence. He thus makes evidence the chief determinant of credibility. The credibility of a claimed miracle will increase in proportion to the reliability, method and number of witnesses. Hence Hume dismisses outright any kind of revelatory recounting of miracles. Take say, the example of the resurrection of Christ three days after his death. Though it is an important miracle in Christian theology, it fails the rigorous standards of empiricism that Hume mandates. We only have references to the event in the scriptures, the writing of which happened much later than the event ââ¬â sometimes centuries later. On top of this, those who witnessed Christââ¬â¢s resurrection were invariably the faithful, who wished that it were so. Moreover, even if a claimed miracle is . Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-86630246417051311642020-03-07T17:31:00.001-08:002020-03-07T17:31:03.398-08:00The Year of the Sheep - Hitsuji doshiThe Year of the Sheep - Hitsuji doshi 2015 is the year of the sheep. The Japanese word for sheep is hitsuji. The kanji character for sheep came from the shape of a sheeps head with two horns, four legs and a tail. Click here to learn the kanji character for sheep. Lamb is kohitsuji, shepherd is hitsujikai, wool is youmou. Sheep are rare in Japan since the climate of Japan, which is very humid, is not appropriate to raise sheep. Most wool and mutton are imported from Australia, New Zealand or Taiwan. The sheeps bleat is mee mee. Click this link to learn more about animal sounds. The Japanese have a custom of sending New Year Cards, called Nengajou. Most people use nengajou as sold by the Japan Postal Service. Each nengajou has a lottery number printed on the bottom of the card, and people who receive the cards can win prizes. The winning numbers are usually published in mid January. Although the prizes are rather small, people enjoy it as a part of New Years celebrations. Click this link to read my article, Writing New Years Cards. The Nengajou also come with a pre-printed postage stamp. There are 8 varieties of pre-printed stamps that one can choose from this year. The designs include New Years decorations, an eto animal (sheep in 2015), Disney characters, and so on. One of the stamp designs, which is a picture of a sheep, is becoming the talk of the Internet. Eto refers to the Chinese zodiac symbols. Unlike the Western Zodiac, which is divided into 12 months, the Asian Zodiac is divided into 12 years. Therefore, the last time a sheep appeared as an eto was in 2003. The stamp of 2003s negajou was a picture of a sheep, which is knitting. The picture of the sheep on 2015s stamp is wearing a scarf. There is an explanation on the Japanese Postal Service site that says, ç · ¨Ã£ ¿Ã£ â¹Ã£ âã 㠣ã ŸãÆ'žãÆ'â¢Ã£Æ' ©Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£ Å'Ã¥ ®Å'Ã¦Ë Ã£ â"㠾ã â"ã Ÿãâ¬â Amikake datta mafuraa ga kansei shimashita. (The scarf, which was in the middle of being made twelve years ago, is now finished.) This is the first time that the Japanese Postal Service made a design linked with a previous eto animal. They are hoping that people have fun with this yearââ¬â¢s nengajou, and also fondly look back on the time that has passed. Like the astrological zodiac there are all sorts of things which influence individual people. The Japanese believe that people who are born in the same animal year share similar personality and character. People born in the year of the sheep are elegant, highly accomplished in the arts, passionate about nature. Check what year you were born in and what kind of personality your animal sign has. Twelve zodiac animals are the rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and boar. Compared to the other zodiac animals such as the snake (hebi) or horse (uma), there are not many expressions including the word sheep. Hitsuji no you (like sheep) means docile, sheepish. Hitsuji-gumo (sheep cloud) is a fluffy cloud, floccus. ç ¾Å é çâ¹â"èââ° Youtou-Kuniku (sheeps head, dogs meat) is one of the Yoji-jukugo which means using a better name to sell inferior goods, crying wine and selling vinegar. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-8763752027965751232020-02-20T08:57:00.001-08:002020-02-20T08:57:02.634-08:00Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3Assignment 3 - Essay Example There is a season where the cyclones form, mostly at the end of the summer when the temperature of the water rises, and the temperature difference is at its greatest. Before a storm reaches the level of a hurricane, it first becomes a tropical depression, then a tropical storm (Ackerman and Knox, 2013). Even when it is classified as a hurricane, there are still several categories depending on their strengths as will be pointed later in this literature. Formation and Movement A hurricane forms when there is a major temperature difference between air temperature and that of the water body. This happens during a range of particular times each year creating what is known as a hurricane season. During this time, many develop, some strong some negligible (Huang, 2012). A hurricane forms when the warm ocean water evaporates making the air humid and forming low lying clouds. This creates a low pressure forcing wind to rush inwards towards the area that the warm water is evaporating. This win d forces air upward and flow with the air up then outwards. In a strong hurricane, this forms the eye of the storm which may be as large as an area of 18 km radius. The humid air forms the cloud of the storm which will later fall as heavy rainfall. Lastly, the light winds steer the storm because of its low-pressure centre propelling it and acting as its source of energy. A hurricane gathers momentum when travelling across warm waters but drastically loses its energy when travelling across land or cold waters (Edwards, 2013). This is because the warm waters are the primary source of energy fuelling the hurricane, which is not available on land. A hurricane thus forms above a large warm water body and is propelled by winds and may travel across land where they cause massive destruction. Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Sandy Hurricane Katrina and Sandy are the two costliest hurricanes in the history of the US. They occurred 7 years apart, Hurricane Katrina formed in 2005 while Sandy fo rmed in 2012. Hurricane Katrina remains the deadliest and the most destructive hurricane that ever formed off the coast of Atlantic Ocean with property damage estimated to be $81 billion. Hurricane Sandy is the second most destructive to date, and the property damage is estimated to be at $68 billion. The following is a contrast and comparison of the two deadliest hurricanes to hit the US. Path Both of these storms originated from the Pacific, around the Caribbean countries; however, their exact places of origin differ. Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas on August 25th 2005. It crossed Southern Florida area causing massive destruction. It then moved across the Gulf of Mexico before making its second landfall in South East Louisiana before moving to Mississippi where it lost its energy and died out (Barnes, 2007). Hurricane Sandy may have been less destructive as compared to Katrina, but it covered a wider area. In fact, Hurricane Sandy affected 7 countries and 24 states in th e US alone. Hurricane Sandy developed deep in the Caribbean Sea on October 22nd 2012 as tropical depression. It quickly upgraded to a tropical storm in less than 6 hours. In 48 hours, it had been graded ass a hurricane and made its first landfall near Jamaicaââ¬â¢s capital, Kingston as a category one hurricane. On October 25th, it had hit Cuba, then Bahamas on October 26th reaching the US on October 29th where it made its landfall at Brigantine, New Jersey. It later spread Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-21085396952170725382020-02-04T18:47:00.001-08:002020-02-04T18:47:03.247-08:00Joyce Carol Oates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsJoyce Carol Oates - Essay Example The paper tells that born in 1938, Joyceââ¬â¢s writing was evident even at the age of 15 when her first novel was rejected due to its ââ¬Ëdarkââ¬â¢ way of characterizing things. Joyceââ¬â¢s style appeared to be extraordinarily unfamiliar, and her gates of writing opened further after completing a masterââ¬â¢s program at Wisconsin University.à Her work showed a lot of creativity, and this showed the perfect relationship between humans, and also showing better approach to humankind in terms of rape, murder and mysterious existence. It is witnessed in Tucson case that the story is showing us the very unfamiliar life of a girl, which surrounds a life hidden under the pillow. These provide the evidence that psychologically brings about killer sin the hands of her life, and it also proofs evidence of desires, love, and existence. The changing life is full of dreams and youngster existence which is thought to be comprised of sexual desires and whose Joyce Oates analysis pr ovides full idea about the killer scene. This fully reflects uncertainties in her life, and her story shows ironies that are nonetheless full of her personal inertia in both the real world and the original standing of her life. Oates capture in the street life is surrounded by narcissism, viciousness, and cheapness which are a non-existent belief in the life of excitement, unknown destination and above all, wilting fortunes that desperately involves astonishing actions and events.à Her future in the episode appears to go unnoticed, andâ⬠allocate the fatal attraction of death (or the devil) for a young woman who is seduced by her own vanityâ⬠has created shortfall in desires for sex, devil and symbolical mysteries. The craziness of life and the characteristic life embraces the staggering sense of sensation. From the ââ¬Å"Shaggy black hair that like crazy as a wig...â⬠changing problems of her life, she allocated herself a winding reality of hate, disuse of life an d characteristic disconnection with reality. While in Tucsonââ¬â¢s understanding, Oates appear disconnected and the real images created appeared to be awkward and unrealistic. The Creation of a retelling Joyce life define the seemingly changing classic archetypes that are different from the existing phenomena and the different manner in which her thoughts are being retold again and again provides a repeated emphasis on humanity and the myriads of vices planted in the way. And this pessimism explores gruel mechanisms that that society is based. Ultimately, Propp, (1968) provides Joyce position amorality, imaginative war and serial killer dynamics. These dictated the retell and this also became the existing imagination that appeared to be incomprehensible and unpredictable. The elusive point of death and eroticism also provide obsessive characterization which reexamines Oates invasive victimization. This touches the shady romance and the tales, ââ¬Å"Hawthornean, romantic, shading into parableâ⬠. The tale paradoxes the unromantic reality that explores the interventions and aggressive change in life defines powerful forces that are realistically comprised of people and a changing fortune which is historically examined by nature. The story is repeated in absolute show of the objective nature of passion, change and contemporary change. Johnson, (1994) in Joyce Oates characterizes the thoughtfulness of killers as a fairy tale and this also establishes the actual reality of individualistic measure that both extorts and makes blunders relative to the positive levels of life. For example, the character formation provided a relevant environment which maximizes a unit of peopleââ¬â¢s believes in protectionism and extreme life change. Equally, her views express expressions that equally exploit the humane nature of dangerous situations such as murder, drunkenness and extortion. How much of the story is ââ¬Ëtheirsââ¬â¢ ââ¬â Where are you going This masterpiece of Joyce Carol Oates provides a special recognition of immediate reproach that mentions the past actions and hence develop a perhaps a renewed future. The Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-12962095734377864752020-01-27T15:10:00.001-08:002020-01-27T15:10:02.915-08:00Components of Effective TeamworkComponents of Effective Teamwork There are many components of effective teamwork such as communication, cohesiveness, commitment and collaboration among members to confronting problems directly, coordinating efforts, managing conflict and making decision via consensus, which requires some time compromisation (Heineman,1994). According to Zander,1994,team goal are desirable state of affair members intend to bring about through combined effort. A clear understanding of groups objective through well-articulated goals is the most common characteristic of successful team (Larson and LaFasto, 1996).The team member had never been together before the assignment given. The team established a common purpose that is decided to complete the given task with the allocated time. The team member was randomly selected and joined together, the members undergo the 5 stages Tuckman theory, accomplishing group assignment.In every team, there are team composition needed for a team to work well. According to Guzzo Dickson (1996), composi tion refer to the nature and attributes of team members.Whereas there are large and small groups or team within organization, the important point the composition of the groups or teams. According to Hackman, 1987 the effective team need members who have relevant expertise, interpersonal skills and moderate differences in their background. In a way, there is no point of including many people into a team or group if they do not have complementary relevant skills to contribute to teams goals. Other than that, in many group or team, what generally happen is that individual get appointed onto team where they feel they are wasting their time in the meeting rather than being a contributing member. Thus, it is imperative that a team has combination of the right mix of workforce, expertise right people skills. In discussion of the group assignment, there are different value embed in three main ethics in this group(Malays, Chinese and Indians) including non-assertive, good manners, cooperati on and harmony; trust and relationship building. These values will to some extent influence group norms and cohesiveness (Abdullah and Low, 2001). Apart from that, it is imperative that members understand their roles in their teams or groups. Roles are expected behavior pattern attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit (Robbin Judge, 2007).There are many roles that member that members can play within their team or group. According to Margerison and McCann (1990), there are nine roles commonly played by group. Robbin and Judge nine roles include Linker, Creator, Promoter, Assessor, Organizer, Producer, Controller, Maintainer and the Advisor. Each team role has particular strengths wan weakness which is essential for team member to identify themselves and more importantly they need to match the roles with their skills and preference for compensating each other weakness with their strength. Moreover, cohesiveness will bring about positive effect to satisfaction and communication. In teamwork context, it is important that all team members build cohesiveness through understanding and respects of each others roles and contribution trying to accomplish the group task and goals. People who are part of cohesiveness groups are more satisfied than are member of non-cohesive group(Hackman1992).Group cohesion also helps to reduce stress because members are supportive to each other .Effective team work have norms that support high quality performance and a level of group cohesiveness that provide social support to its members. Effective leaders are those who personal qualities enable them to articulate a vision for a given group. It is therefore important that the leader, by his [or her] behavior manifest a loyalty to the needs and aspiration of group members. These things must matter to him [or her] in ways that to view because such evidence of good faith sincere accessible serve to elicit greater acceptance of influence. ( Hollander,1964,pg231;). In addition, Hollander found that, In order the group to function as effectively as possible, the leader needs to be attuned to the need of followers, the perception and expectancies,(1995,pg75).In other words, when followers trust a leader, theyre willing to be subjected to the leader actions, for they are convinced that their rights and interest will not be neglected. Besides effective leadership, an affective membership is also important to achieve successful teamwork. Team membership performs its task then is better able to perform the next task assigned to it. The main reason in forming a team is to complete given task. Not only that, it is also helping maintain good social relations, promotes its members personal and professional development. Therefore, it is essential for member require the right type of people, good internal group process and understand team dynamic to work towards a common goal. This is the social relations, group maintenance, or viability aspect of teamwork (Sundstorm, 1990).For creating effective membership, there is necessary diversity of knowledge and skills. Management teams with members of different backgrounds are more innovative that homogenous team. (Guzzo and Dickson, 1996) Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-22631503143840790152020-01-19T11:33:00.001-08:002020-01-19T11:33:02.537-08:00Multi-Perspective Approach to Understanding Organization EssayWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of a multi-perspective approach to understanding organization? In answering the question you will need to engage with the nature of the various perspectives and how they enable and limit our understanding of organization. There are different ways in how people produce different knowledge and thus many people have come out with their own concepts and theories. This results in multiple perspectives that help to generate idea about different organization and organizing. The more knowledge of multiple perspectives, concepts and theories, the greater will be your capacity to choose a better approach with regards to the problems faced in your current company. Multi perspective is created as belief, assumptions and knowledge of the world influence how researchers carry out their research and manage their organization. What you do is to assume which approach does best for your industries and organization and for that you design and amend accordingly to be the best way to of optimizing man power and profit. The benefits of a multi-perspective approach would be (cited from page 11) multiple perspectives will also help organization embrace complexity and uncertainty and their contradictory demands. Managers and employees now are expected to do more with less, to maximize both short term gain and long term investment, and be more efficient as well as more humane and ethical. By confronting such a variety of contradictory forces demands the broadest set of concept and theories that your mind can grasp. Secondly, people raised question about the nature of ethical action and managerââ¬â¢s face when trying to act in socially and organization responsible ways. The advantages of using multiple perspective helps people aware of the assumption and values underlying your theory and practices, which in turn should make you more conscious of your reason for doing things and better able to understand the reason behind the action taken by others. Being able to reflect on your own reasoning process a nd compare them you will develop ethical awareness. Thirdly, if you learn about multiple perspective, you will be able to understand how different perspectives influence the way you and others experience by interpreting and shape organization realities. You will become a more effective member of any organization to join. Let me evaluate with the two important philosophical choices of ontology and epistemology. Ontology concerns our assumtion about reality which you donââ¬â¢t question whether all this things are real or have an existence undependent because of you (cited from pg12) pjilosphers sometimes refers to these as existential question because they attribute existence to one set of things(reality) but not to another (unreal). Which means that you carry out task upon your own perspective only, while you disregard other perspective. The disadvantages will be it will lead to arguments between those who maintain different perspectives and cause them to set up seperate and conflicting mates. This is a major concerns as people have been always living in their own world and never care of other peopleââ¬â¢s feeling which causes conflict around their organization and families. People experience different things as what they do everyday or even their personalities are different from other peoople we call this term subjectivist. Whereas Objectivist is different, theybelieve that what reality exist independently of those who lives in it, people also reacted to what is happening around them in predictable ways because their behaviour is part of the material world in which they live is determined by causes (cited from page 12). Example, if you are hoping to own a european car and the behaviour in which you have to work hard to pay for it is determined by wanting to own the car. Epistemology whereas is concerned with knowing how you can know. Epistemology is closely related to ontology because the anwsers to there questions depend on and help to forge assumptions about the nature of reality. This two terms determined the three major multiple perspective approach to understanding organisation. Usually the three multiple perspectives can be comparable using these two variables ontology and epistemology. Modernism is usually objectivism, you must limit commit to limiting what you count as knowledge to what you can know through your five senses. Results can be taken again if steps of the procedure is followed again using the five senses and the respective sense-enhancing devices. Modernist organization theorist also believes that if they can get whole of the complete knowledge by understanding how and why organisations function the way they do and how their function is influence by different environment conditions. Therefore to get a modernist perspective effective organisation is to being able to balace internal and external pressures, develop core competencies, increase efficiency and versertile to changes. The theories that influence modernist are general system theory, socio-technical systems theory and contingency theory. General system theory is to understand and grasp the concept of system and it characteristics of the company, which it can also mutually interrelated into parts called subsystem for easier understanding of each process. By using differentiation it provides the system with the benefits of specialization. To put into simpler terms a organisation if want to use the general system theory, that means that they will divide the units and departments and each department with the benefits of specialization. For socio-technical theory, they focus on a number of humanistic issues, by treating organisation as a social system, the social and psychological consequence of work design, the importance of the work group compared to the individual and the need for a division of labour that considers increasing rather than decreasing the variety of work skills and task. Socio-technical theory also suggest that self-managed teams should be the building blocks of organizational design and that could lessen the need for hierarchy form of organisation. Whereas for contingency theory, theorist will try to identify the key contingencies in each situation and try to determine the best fits between them, this theory have remain very popular among companies because they take seductive form of recipes for success. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-61213481221305394372020-01-11T07:56:00.001-08:002020-01-11T07:56:03.078-08:00Ethics in Research The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment EssayThe field of medicine has experienced rapid growth with in the few 150 to 200 years, and over the years we have learn that many of these scientific developments were made at the expense of unorthodox procedures and research carried out with little to no concern on the unethical aspects of the research, as medical science advance the researchers place little or no effort towards informing subjects about the nature of experiments. Tuskegee syphilis experiments in Alabama was on especially an infamous experiment, from ââ¬Ëââ¬Ë1932 to 1972ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬Ë the U.S. Public Health Services (PHS) conducted an experiment on 400 African American males in the late stages of syphilis these men, for the most part illiterate sharecroppers from one of the poorest counties in Alabama, were told what disease they were suffering from or of its seriousness, informed that they were being treated for ââ¬Å"Bad Bloodâ⬠their Doctors had no intention of curing them for syphilis at all. The data for the experiment was to be collected for autopsies of the men, and they were thus deliberately left to degenerate under the ravages of tertiary syphilis which can include tumors, heart disease, paralysis, blindness, insanity and death, this is the most unethical, immoral and genocidal act carried out and funded my U.S. Public Health Services. Coercion or leverage was the main tactic the PHS researchers use to recruit their test subjects, whom was poor uneducated sharecroppers that luck the resources needed to seek out side help, by misinforming the participants about the truth of their illness (syphilis), but non the less this was a means for the PHS to carry out their hidden agenda, to make them aware that they do have an illness and The U.S. Public Health Services was there to help treat them of their so call bad blood pandemic, this act of coercion provided the PHS the leverage they need to recruit necessary research subjects. Because of this the consent acquired by the researchers from the research subjects was invalid because the information provided by the researchers was subjects was invalid, this violation of inform consent stemmed further, the researchers did not explain the expectancy and severity of the research, the researchers deliberately did not inform the subjectsà that they have the right to decline to participate and to withdraw from the research once it has begun. The spider web of lies and deception planed and carried out by The U.S. Public Health Services researchers had no plans of curing the syphilis pandemic, the deception in this research is the main underlying reason why this research study is unethical in nature, rather than the actual deception itself, the deliberate use of deception in this research resulted in the deaths of a 100 African Americans research subjects, these deaths was actually apart of the research it self. ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢The study actively kept the men away from treatment, even after penicillin became widely used for the treatment of syphilis in 1950s. In February of 1969, the PHS decided to continue theà study and to continue to deny the men antibiotic treatment even though penicillin had become established as the standard treatment for syphilis, because it assumed that the disease was far too advanced for it to be treated. Associated Press reporter Jean Heller broke the story on July 25, 1972 on the front-page of the New York Times and the study stopped at onceââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ After the research had ended the only seventy-four participants of 400 infected subjects had still been a live after the study got exposited, In August 1972, an ad hoc committee found the study to have been ââ¬Å"ethically unjustifiedâ⬠and argued that penicillin should have been given to the men upon its discovery. 40 years after the experiment had ended the test subjects was not Adequate debriefed on the true nature of the study and the long-term effects of the of the syphilis on their bodies, wife and kids. After the press release of the Tuskegee syphilis experiment the test subjects was provided with little to no confidentiality from the press or PHS after the findings of the research was publish. The experiment diversity was limited to African Americans males, who were the carry of the syphilis. References William J. Clinton, ââ¬Å"Remarks,â⬠in Tuskegeeââ¬â¢s Truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, ed. Susan M. Reverby (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000), 574-577. Thomas G. Benedek and Jonathan Erlen, ââ¬Å"The Scientific Environment of the Tuskegee Study of Syphilis, 1920-1960, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 43 no. 1 (1999), 1-30. Ad Hoc Tuskegee Syphilis Panel, ââ¬Å"Selections from the Final Report,â⬠in Tuskegeeââ¬â¢s Truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, ed. Susan M. Reverby (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000), 166. Jean Heller, ââ¬Å"Syphilis Victims in the U.S. Went Untreated for 40 years,â⬠in Tuskegeeââ¬â¢s Truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, ed. Susan M. Reverby (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000), 116-117. anessa N. Gamble and Deborah Stone. ââ¬Å"U.S. Policy on Health Inequities: the Interplay of Politics and Research,â⬠Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 31, (2006): 93-126. Ruth R. Faden, Susan E. Lederer , J. E. Lederer, and Juan D. Moreno, ââ¬Å"U.S. Medical Researchers, the Nuremberg Doctors Trial, and the Nuremberg Code,â⬠Journal of the American Medical Association, 276 no. 20(1996): 1668. Martin S. Pernick, ââ¬Å"The patientââ¬â¢s role in medical decision making: a social history of informed consent in medical therapy,â⬠in Making Health Care Decisions: A Report on the Ethical and Legal Implications of Informed Consent in the Patient-Practitioner Relationship, Presidentââ¬â¢s Commission for Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, 3 1-25. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-14538765097778849152020-01-03T04:19:00.001-08:002020-01-03T04:19:03.924-08:00President Donald Trump on Immigration - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1546 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/22 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Donald Trump Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION I. GAIN ATTENTION: What makes America great? Is it our ideals of freedom, equality, and self-government? Is it our fast-evolving technology or military? Or is it in the foundational principles we teach our children in school and at home? Our values, beliefs, or cultural diversity and the openly encouraged ideas of individualism and self-expression? Is America actually great? Were we ever truly? II. SPEECH THESIS: President Donald Trumps view of immigration is not synonymous to the foundations of America, or what is best for our country. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "President Donald Trump on Immigration" essay for you Create order III. ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY: Robert F. Kennedy stated, Our attitude towards immigration reflects our faith in the American ideal. We have always believed it possible for men and women who start at the bottom to rise as far as the talent and energy allow. Neither race nor place of birth should affect their chances. BODY IV. Past A. Our Founding Fathers did not declare independence based on English nationalism, but simply to establish a peoples republic an equal standing ground. What brought the 13 colonies together into a nation was the united commitment to a moral principle, said by Thomas Jefferson that is this: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. B. This is the heart of the culture of America and synonymous to why we were founded. This idea also forms our national culture and is what makes the United States a seemingly approachable and accessible dream of not just an American citizenship, but an American identity. C. In 1858, Abraham Lincoln stated that anyone who believed in the principles laid by our Founding Fathers, who felt that the moral sentiment taught in that day evidences their relation to those mens have a right to claim it as though they were blood of the blood, and flesh of the flesh of the men who wrote that Declaration, and so they are. D. Throughout human history, blood relation has always defined belonging and not belonging. The idea that all one needed to belong was commitment to political ideals and an oath of citizenship was something unheard of in all of history, and a completely revolutionary but foreign concept. V. Present A. Immigration policy, specifically illegal immigration to the United States, was the signature point of focus for President Donald Trumps 2016 presidential campaign. Donald Trump promised that if he was elected President of the United States, he would end all illegal immigrant access to our country, specifically by building a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico, and he still stands by that promise today. The problem with this is, instead of solely focusing on illegal immigration, President Donald Trump is trying to tackle immigration as a whole. According to an article written by The New York Times, the President has regularly smeared [all] immigrants as terrorists and criminals. (Trumps Backward View of Immigration. The New York Times. 2018) This stereotype could not be any farther from the truth. While this is true for few immigrants, most do not have a negative impact on our country or its economy. They are denied citizenship simply for trying to seek a better life. Those that achieve their dream of something greater than where they come from end up being entrepreneurs and small business owners that help our economy rather than hurt it. B. During an October rally, Donald Trump stated, You know what I am? Im a nationalist. When discerning President Trumps brand of nationalism, we see that there is nothing truly American about it. He never speaks on the ideals expressed in the language of our Founding Fathers liberty, rights, equality, freedom, democracy, justice and he clearly never speaks on fulfilling what our Founders promised would ultimately make American great for all. His idea is derived from one thing alone the power of winning. He chooses to blame foreigners for our countrys problems and insists that removing them is the only solution and ultimate win for America. C. This has led to the worrying reality that he has not offered any reliable solutions to Americas real issues, and his desire to defeat has resulted in dismissal of our countrys foundational values. His focus, solutions, and resources disproportionately remain on protectionism of foreign imports, corporate outsourcing, and immigrant labor by using strategies that have negatively impacted our country in the past. He disregards our American principles, and stirs only hatred, anger, and ill-driven passion. As a result of this, many hate groups and white nationalists, who see themselves as the only ones with the right background to be real Americans, have gravitated towards President Donald Trumps campaign. A number of controversial policies have been put into place during President Trumps presidency so far, and he has targeted programs to better the immigration process, including asylum protections overturned, separating families at the border, phasing out Temporary Protected Status (TPS), H-1B visa restrictions, the lowest level of extended family visa restrictions in more than 10 years, rescinding Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), the border wall, and his process of moving forward to revoke President Barack Obamas Dream Act. An article written for The New York Times states that President Donald Trump has a nativist, zero-sum view that what is good for immigrants is bad for America. That view runs counter not just to the best of American tradition and principles, but to evidence of whats best for the country. (Trumps Backward View of Immigration. The New York Times. 2018) VI. Future A. According to President Donald Trump in a 2009 speech, They say all men are created equal. [But] its not true. Some people are born very smart, and some people are born not so smart. Tangibly he is correct, but ultimately, he is missing the true meaning of the Declaration of Independence: that all people have the same moral worth, natural rights, and are entitled to equal citizenship and treatment under Americas law. B. The Presidents nationalist program will not achieve its long-term security, and it throws away Americas dearest ideals in favor of gaining power by beating everyone on the world scale, particularly immigrants, foreigners, and partners of abroad trade instead of finding a common ground and working together. C. There are several ways to improve and update the immigration process in order to better protect our country, and to make the process easier for people who are simply searching for a better life: More visas. Better monitoring of immigration to ensure the safety of our country and also to improve the economy. D. America is great for many reasons: freedom, opportunity, democratic process, celebration of expression, cultural diversity, technological advances, and much more. E. In our history, America was great for many reasons: when we gave back all the lands we liberated in World War 2, and when we spent billions of dollars to save Europe from Soviet communism and rebuild it. We were great before becoming the rich and powerful nation we are today: when we declared equality for all people in 1776 and made steps in 1865 to the ending of slavery and guarantee of complete civil rights in the 1960s. F. As a continuation of that, we will need a leader who does not base his thoughts solely on victories, defeats, and humiliations. We will need a leader who is smart. Realistic. Strategic. Diplomatic but bold. Someone who has a true love for this country and who recognizes our founding principles and moral ideals, as well as their central importance in allowing us a national pride that is uniquely our own in the world. A pride that is for everyone, regardless of race, color, ethnicity, gender, background, religion, political standpoint, or any other differences. G. If our nation were to stop believing in those founding principles, we would cease to truly be America. CONCLUSION A. If you believe in our countrys foundation, in celebrating a world of pride in diversity and culture, and that America was already great before President Donald Trumps immigration reform, the steps you take toward action will be what drastically reshapes our country into what it was always meant to be. George Washington once said, I had always hoped that this land might become a safe and agreeable asylum to the virtuous and persecuted part of mankind, to whatever nation they might belong. I encourage all of you to go out and vote. Educate yourselves on policies and real facts, and research them for yourselves instead of relying on the news or other people to do it for you. If you know someone who is an immigrant, talk to them and hear their story, because it may change some of your opinions. I agree with views from both the Republican and Democratic party. I believe there are things that need to be changed regarding our immigration process. That is why I urge all of you to vote, not for a specific party because that is what you have grown up identifying with, but for the person. Listen to each individual person running and vote for what you feel is right. You may not think that your voice matters, but it does. Your one vote could be what turns the tables of our government. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-49159904442972665822019-12-26T00:46:00.001-08:002019-12-26T00:46:02.630-08:00How to Conjugate the Irregular French Verb Haïr Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-72529573686888048312019-12-17T20:33:00.001-08:002019-12-17T20:33:04.233-08:00Lizzie Borden Murders - 1047 Words For the past century, the Murders of Andrew J. Borden and his wife Abby Borden became one of Americaââ¬â¢s obsessions. From the townsââ¬â¢ people of Fall River Massachusetts to the rest of the country, the Borden murders became the topic of interest. The case shocked the nation as Lizzie Borden- a 32 year old school teacher- was put on trial for the murders of her parents. On August 4, 1892, at 92 Second Street Fall River Massachusetts, Andrew Borden and Abby Borden were found murdered in their homes. Andrew Borden, the richest man in Fall River, was found dead by his daughter Lizzie Borden, on a couch in the sitting area. Lizzie called to the household maid, Bridget Sullivan, to come down from the attic to inform her that Mr. Borden was dead.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦During Dr. Bowenââ¬â¢s autopsy, Mrs. Borden revealed to have been hit nineteen times, killed by the same hatchet or ax that had killed Mr. Borden, who was hit eleven times. Mrs. Bordenââ¬â¢s blood had started to get dark and congeal, showing Dr. Bowen that she was killed before Mr. Borden. Over the weeks following the murders, investigators made a timeline from August 3rd, the day before the murders, to August 7th, the day Miss Russell had seen Lizzie burning a dress. On August third Abby Borden had gone to see Dr. Bowen, claiming she and Mr. Borden had been poisoned because both of them had been violently ill the night before. Not thinking her nausea was severe he sent her home. When Dr. Bowen went to check on his neighbors, Mr. Borden told him he wasnââ¬â¢t ill and to leave because he wasnââ¬â¢t going to pay for the house call; Bridget was also sick that same morning, however, there was no poisons found in the Bordenââ¬â¢s autopsies. Also, that same day, Lizzie had tried to buy Prussic acid from the drug store, but without a prescription the clerk wouldnââ¬â¢t sell it to her. Later in the afternoon on August 3rd Lizzieââ¬â¢s uncle, John Morse had arrived, only planning on spending the night; Lizzie claimed to have went straight to bed that night and n ever saw her uncle. Then on august fourth, the day of the murders, Bridget woke at 6:15 to start her daily chores, Mr. and Mrs. Borden woke at seven and had their breakfast. At 8:45 Uncle John left; Lizzie came downstairs a few minutes afterShow MoreRelatedDid Lizzie Borden Commit Murder?1242 Words à |à 5 PagesDid Lizzie Borden Commit Murder? A little over a century ago an atrocious double murder was committed, in the two-half story house at 92 Second Street, in Fall River, Massachusetts. This crime shocked the city of Fall River, as well as the nation, as Lizzie Borden, a 32-year-old Sunday school teacher, went on trial for the murder of her father and her stepmother. (Augustine). An all male jury eventually acquitted her on the accusations.(Aiuto). To this day, the murderer of Andrew J. Borden and AbbyRead MoreLizzie Borden Research Paper739 Words à |à 3 Pages4th, 1892, a horrific murder took place. On that day, a young woman named Lizzie Borden was accused for murder, but some think she is innocent. I believe Lizzie Borden is guilty. She did not have good relationship with her step-mother, there were no signs of anyone trying to break into the Borden home, and she was lying about where she was when the murder occurred, she said she was outside in the backyard but there were no footprints or anything to prove she wa s. Lizzie Borden is guilty and here areRead MoreThe Trial Of Lizzie Borden : Complex Court Case770 Words à |à 4 Pagesactually solved with the correct verdict. The Trial of Lizzie Borden was a confusing court case with many factors that did not add up at first, but eventually, everything did. Lizzie Borden was guilty. In Fall River, Massachusetts on August 4 , 1892, the Borden familyââ¬â¢s maid, Maggie Sullivan discovered the bodies of Andrew and Abby Borden. The maid was resting in her bed upstairs after cleaning and heard Lizzie Borden, the daughter of Andrew and Abby Borden, screaming, ââ¬Å"Maggie, come down! Come down quick;Read MoreLizzie Borden Case Study730 Words à |à 3 PagesTwo Murder Victims. One trial. One Unsolved mystery. These are the components of Lizzie Bordenââ¬â¢s murder case. The trial of Lizzie Borden is a complex one, but it is vital to discuss because Lizzieââ¬â¢s charge was dropped and got away Scott free and the murders have been unsolved for about a century. Very many people today believe that Lizzie Borden did it because she said she did not like her step mom and so went on with killing both of them. In my opinion, Lizzie is guilty because what is said in herRead MoreLizzie Borden Research Paper715 Words à |à 3 PagesWell many people think Lizzie Borden did this exact thing. Lizzie Borden was accused of murdering her step mother and father with a hatchet on August 4, 1892. While on trial, the jury found her innocent, but many other people think her to be guilty. I think that Lizzie Borden is innocent of the murder of Andrew and Abby Borden because she loved her father, didnââ¬â¢t have a problem with her stepmother, and there was no physical evidence found at the crime scene. Lizzie Borden was found innocent by lawRead MoreJack The Ripper And Lizzie Borden1192 Words à |à 5 PagesKaris Kennedy Burrow American Lit 11/3/17 Jack the Ripper and Lizzie Borden A serial killer can be defined as ââ¬Å"a person who commits a series of murders, often with no apparent motive and typically following a characteristic, predictable behavior pattern.â⬠(McGraw-Hill) While there have always been serial killers, the 1880ââ¬â¢s had some of the most significant. Two of the most notorious were ââ¬Å"Jack the Ripperâ⬠and Lizzie Borden. While neither were convicted for their crimes, they will both go down inRead MoreWhy Did Lizzie Borden Killed Her Father702 Words à |à 3 Pagesstory about lizzie borden and if she axe murdered her parents. The topic is mainly about if lizzie borden killed her parents. A girl named lizzie borden killed her parents with a axe. Lizzie borden killed her parents with a axe and did get away with the murder and got arrested for a year since the police didnââ¬â¢t have evidence to know it was her. Lizzie Borden was born on July 19,1860, at Fall River Massachusetts.www.biography.com The people that got killed were Andrew and Abby borden lizzie bordensRead More Miscarriage of Justice Essay1824 Words à |à 8 PagesArguably three of the most sensational criminal trials in American history are the Commonwealth vs. Borden, California vs. Simpson and Los Angeles vs. Rodney King. All three of these cases received unprecedented amounts of media attention and verdicts from the jury that shocked the country. In my opinion justice, especially social and moral justice, was not achieved in these trials. Social class, race and gender all had a huge impact on the juryââ¬â¢s decisions in each of these cases. High priced defenseRead More Lizzie Borden Essay example2263 Words à |à 10 PagesLizzie Borden On a hot morning on august 4, 1892, Mr. Andrew Borden and his wife, Abby Borden, were brutally murdered. A daughter of the victims, Lizzie Borden was arrested, tried and acquitted of the crime. ââ¬Å" She was a woman of spotless character and reputation, and more than that she was educated, refined and prominently connected with the work of the Christian church in the Fall Riverâ⬠(Gates 2).The town and the country were divided in their opinions of who could commit such horrifying murdersRead MoreEssay on The Murder of Mr. and Mrs. Borden1073 Words à |à 5 PagesAfter Lizzie Bordens mother passed away her father remarried. Lizzie was unable to accept this new marriage and new stepmother who her father brought into their home. Lizzie was so troubled over this that she attempted to kill her father and stepmother by poisoning them, which was unsuccessful. In her second attempt Lizzie whacked them both to death by using a hatchet. Thought Lizzie was found innocent after several tr ials the truth was never discovered. When Lizzie Borden died, she took the truth Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-80035539445776966562019-12-09T17:16:00.001-08:002019-12-09T17:16:02.291-08:00Gerald Crofts Essay Example For Students Gerald Crofts Essay In what ways does Priestly present the effects of the Inspectors visit on Sheila Birling in the play? J. B Priestley uses a variety of dramatic techniques to portray the effects of Inspector Gooles visit on Sheila Birling. These devices include dialogue, physical action, stage directions and dramatic tension. Priestley places Sheila at the moral centre of the play. The Inspectors visit takes her through an array of emotions in a very compressed time span which heightens Sheilas anxiety and speeds her transformation. The action is played out in real time i.e. the events unfold on stage exactly as they would in real life. Many modern dramas have copied Priestleys theatrical technique (24 TV series, and some episodes of E. R). At the beginning Sheila is shallow and very pleased with life and rather excited. She later admits that she had been confident and pleased with herself. We know this, as she likes money and possessions- Gerald Crofts ring (Oh its wonderful) and clothes. But from this beginning, when this rich family are celebrating Sheilas engagement (which is more like a company merger in Mr. Birlings eyes), their entire world is turned upside down. Sheila feels everything most deeply and Priestley has the Inspector repeat Eva Smiths agonising and unpleasant death by disinfectant several times which adds to her distress. Priestley starts Sheilas transformation half-way into the 1st Act. When Sheila hears of the death she is genuinely distressed but she is still selfish because she is annoyed that her evening has been ruined (Ive been so happy tonight. Wish you hadnt told me). Priestley continues the transformation by giving Sheila the beginnings of a social conscience. When Sheila realises that Eva was sacked for asking for a pay rise, she tells her father that it was a mean thing to do. Priestley also brings about her political awareness. The Inspector points out that desperate girls like Eva feed the capitalist free market for cheap labour. Priestley ensures that she takes a compassionate line, even though she has probably never considered the conditions of the workers: But these girls arent cheap labour- theyre people. Priestley uses dialogue very cleverly, especially when the Inspector suggests the entire family should try and put themselves in the place of these unfortunate young women in their dingy little back bedrooms. He ensures Sheila empathises with Eva. When Sheila realises she was responsible for Evas dismissal from Milwards, Priestley introduces physical action. Sheila half stifles a sob and runs out. This tremendous physical reaction is very powerful because it is the first bit of action and it heightens Sheilas distress. When she returns she has been crying. Priestley continues her descent into misery so that in pain Sheila asks So Im really responsible? Priestley makes Sheila confront her own jealousy and pettiness by her acceptance that she had allowed her own bad temper and anger to have Eva dismissed from her job. Priestley shows the class-based economic power that Sheila possessed. By the end of the 1st Act Priestley shows that Sheila is full of guilt and remorse. Sheila realises that Evas prettiness made her even more determined to have her sacked. During this long speech Sheila confesses her own part, and she almost breaks down. It is a speech full of pathos (sadness, sorrow). Priestley uses repetition of words to show Sheilas anguish and sense of guilt: I know, I know Ill never, never do it again. This also shows that Sheila is keen and anxious to change her behaviour in the future. Sheila is full of guilt and says If I could help her now. Before the end of Act 1, Priestley adds to Sheilas grief by showing that she has been betrayed by Gerald Crofts disloyalty the previous summer. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-26992160689962819042019-12-02T04:58:00.001-08:002019-12-02T04:58:04.422-08:00Investment Report Tesco Introduction Research data from 2011 to 2013 reveals a rather interesting trend in the past 2 years wherein consumer spending has decreased within the U.K., U.S. and Europe yet has significantly increased within China and other Asian countries.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Investment Report: Tesco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some financial analysts have connected such an occurrence with the current popularity of Asia as an outsourcing destination thereby resulting in positive economic benefits for the local economy. Since consumer demand within Tescoââ¬â¢s traditional markets has been waning, it thus necessitates the debate as to whether the company should think of expanding into international markets such as those in Asia (particularly China) in order to take advantage of this market opportunity. It is based on this that this paper will explore the current problems within traditional markets for expa nsion such as the U.S. and will delve into the advantages found in new markets in Asia such as China. The Company Tesco is the worldââ¬â¢s 3rd largest retailer with numerous stores located in international locations such as the U.K., Europe and Asia. It controls 30% of the U.K. grocery market and is poised to compete directly with the likes of Wal-Mart in terms of profitability and the number of stores the company has. The Macroeconomic Situation Examining Current Consumer Markets for Expansion Ever since the 2008 financial crisis, the current U.S. consumer market has stagnated even until the final month of 2012. While there are signs of recovery in some sectors, the fact remains that reliance on government aid programs is still at an all time high resulting in a market that seems far to unstable and poor in consumer demand to actually expand into (Aliber 2012, pp. 52-56).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first pape r with 15% OFF Learn More The fact is that the scaling back of operations within the U.S. combined with slow economic growth is indicative of a deterioration of consumer spending which makes establishing more Tesco locations within the country far from ideal since it is unlikely that consumers would continue to patronize the products of the company which are priced at a mid to high range as compared to local competitors such as Wal-Mart and Costco which have far cheaper brand name goods (Morris 2012, pp. 20-22). Not only that, there is a significant degree of market saturation within the U.S. wherein super stores such as Wal-Mart, Walgreens and Costco would make it difficult, if not impossible, for Tesco to establish a sufficient enough foothold for market penetration. A similar situation can be seen in Europe at the present where countries such as Greece, Spain, Ireland, Italy, France and Germany had also been adversely affected with issues such as Greeceââ¬â¢s sovereig n debt issue, Spainââ¬â¢s housing crisis, the near collapse of the Irish banking system as well as political turmoil in Italy. All of these factors have translated into decreased levels of consumer spending which would not bode well for any subsequent expansion of Tesco into these locations. With low consumer spending and an atmosphere of economic uncertainty which pervades the domestic market within the aforementioned countries, any attempt to expand into such areas would result in wasteful operational costs for Tesco such as storage, utilities, taxes, worker salaries and employee benefits with no guarantee that it would be able to obtain a significant portion of the local consumer market share. The fact is the current consumer market situation within the U.S. and Europe is not conducive towards sales and, as such, the company should look towards other markets for expansion. One possible avenue of approach is to shift resources towards foreign markets which have not been as adve rsely affected by the current economic downturn and focus efforts there instead of in cathartic local markets.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Investment Report: Tesco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Examining the Chinese Market From 1990 to the present, Chinaââ¬â¢s economy has grown to such an extent that it is now ranked as the second largest economy in the world in terms of manufacturing capability and local consumer demand (Hong 2012, pp. 561-577). The outsourcing industry in particular has contributed to this rise with hundreds of international brands and retailers relocating their factories to China in order to take advantage of the cheaper corporate tax rates and low cost of labor (Hong 2012, pp. 561-577). Not only that, Chinaââ¬â¢s success has resulted in the creation of a prevalent upper and middle class whose spending habits have been increasing as of late and is increasingly oriented towards c onsuming various types of western goods and resources. In fact, based on the study of Hong (2012) the sale of goods from the west (particularly from Europe) has been increasing exponentially within the country with numerous brands clamoring to penetrate into the Chinese market (Hong 2012, pp. 561-577). This has resulted in an unprecedented level of demand for Western goods and brands making the Chinese market an ideal location for the expansion of numerous established brands within the U.S. and Europe. When taking into consideration the decrease in consumer spending within the U.S. and European market and the unprecedented level of demand within China marked by increased consumer spending, it becomes immediately obvious that Tesco should expand its operations into the Chinese market. Porterââ¬â¢s five factor framework for competition Substitute Threat When examining the possibility of substitute threats, what must be understood is that a large percentage of Tescoââ¬â¢s own sto ck actually comes from manufacturers that are located within China and several parts of Asia. This presents a considerable dilemma since such products can easily be obtained from local suppliers at a quarter of the cost.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to resolve such an issue, it is recommended that the stocks within the store focus more on high end goods from European manufacturers (Villar, Di Segev 2012, pp. 341-349). The reasoning behind this is connected to the influx of the ââ¬Å"newly richâ⬠within China and their preference for branded Western goods which they consider as superior to local products. By focusing on the sale of high end goods, the company will be able to distinguish itself from other local stores and become a hub for wealthy Chinese consumers to shop for their everyday needs (Villar, Di Segev 2012, pp. 341-349). Entry Threats Entry threats for the company come in the form of the ease of entry into the local Chinese market for both domestic and foreign competitors. While the countryââ¬â¢s lax regulatory measures would make it easy for Tesco to setup shop within the country, the same ease of entry can also work against it. Since it would take time to develop a loyal consumer base, Tesco wou ld not have the capacity to be able to control the market. Not only that, due to the presence of a plethora of suppliers within China that normally supply some of the largest retail establishments within the U.S., this ensures that Tesco cannot compete in terms of cheaper prices or having a more diverse product lineup. Rivalry One possible threat faced by the company comes in the form of the production of local Chinese companies of not only cheaper products but cheaper services as well. What must be understood is that there is a certain degree of technology stealing being done by local Chinese companies wherein the processes, brand style and means of production brought in by foreign companies are in effect copied, replicated and utilized by Chinese based companies and then subsequently appear in markets rivaling their original counterparts yet being marked at barely 1/3rd of the cost (Rules of the game 2008, pp. 4-5) China has increasingly learned from various foreign businesses tha t had established themselves within the Chinese market resulting in the proliferation of not only copycat manufacturing companies but also copycat service industries as well. Several of these companies have actually entered into various international markets (i.e. Latin America, the Middle East, and South East Asia) and subsequently challenged the market share of the companies that they copied. They do this by presenting the same type of product and service yet at an invariably lower cost which companies at times cannot match. This presents itself as a considerable threat to Tescoââ¬â¢s market position in several of its key future markets within China and, as such, does not bode well for the company. Supplier Power What must also be taken into consideration is the fact that due to the low cost of doing business in China local manufacturers that copied the technologies and processes of companies that had outsourced to China were able to undercut prices resulting in situation where more international consumers chose to buy from these new companies due to the relatively lower prices for the same product. The Economist (2004) states that it was the culmination of these events that brought about the development of a new Chinese upper class composed of businessmen and entrepreneurs that increased local demand for high end real estate development as well as high class foreign goods (Safe as houses, 2004: 41). In the short term, Tesco may be able to utilize brand and product leverage to distinguish itself from local competitors, however, over the long term it is possible that local entrepreneurs may copy the storeââ¬â¢s layout and provide cheaper imitation goods of Tescoââ¬â¢s products resulting in a loss of consumers and profit. Buyer Power To better understand the current wage situation within China, an analysis of the study of Wang Gunderson (2012) was conducted in order see the difference between wages of a British worker and a Chinese worker. It was sho wn that the average Chinese minimum wage consisted of 2,000 to 4,000 a month (190 and 380 pounds when converted using current exchange rate data) (Wang Gunderson 2012, pp. 860-876). Considering the fact that the average salary of a worker in the U.K.ââ¬â¢s manufacturing industry is 2,000 pounds, the gap seen represents a considerable salary problem given the type of goods that the company normally stocks. For Tesco, the wages of local Chinese workers are far too low given the companyââ¬â¢s predilection to stock mid-range to high end products (Wang Gunderson 2012, pp. 860-876). Thus, a vast majority of local Chinese consumers are more likely to patronize small local establishments that source their products from local sources as compared to shopping at Tesco with its massive international supply chain. This is further evidence that if the company is to expand into China, it would need to focus on the rich and middle class since the lower class within China have barely enough money to afford the companyââ¬â¢s products (Wang Gunderson 2012, pp. 860-876). Competitive strategies Distribution and Sales Strategy At first, it would be necessary to increase peopleââ¬â¢s awareness about the vending machine concept. This news could be spread through social networks within China which is the least expensive method of promoting the product and attracting customers. Additionally, fliers could be distributed in the venues where the shopping centers will be built and will act as the main distribution channels for the company (Ataman, Van Heerde Mela 2010, pp. 866-882). Overall, the main advantage of this approach is that it will allow the company to increase its customer base within a short time. Furthermore, word-of-mouth can also greatly benefit the venture as this communication channel will become particularly important at the initial stages when customers are not aware of the products on offer. In order to implement this aspect of the project, the company will need to form alliances with local media outlets and consumer groups in order to increase the amount of ââ¬Å"hypeâ⬠associated with the opening of a Tesco store. Development Plan The key element that needs to be considered at the start-up of this kind of a business is which location would be the most suitable for the businessââ¬â¢s needs. Based on this, sites with a great quantity of pedestrian traffic would be essential in order to obtain adequate levels of revenue. Widespread locations for positioning a successful Tesco location would be within the cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Hong Kong due to the high concentrations of upper and middle class consumers within such regions (Michael 2007, pp. 20-23). Analysis on the companyââ¬â¢s operating exposure In the case of China, Tesco actually exposes itself to a considerable level of operating exposure wherein in the next 3 years as the property bubble of the country ââ¬Å"popsâ⬠, this would result in a considerable devaluation of the Yuan which would negatively impact the company. Management of operating exposure The best way of managing this level of exposure is to focus on its supply chain wherein it would focus on minimizing the amount of products in storage and maximizing the sale of easy to move products. By ensuring that products only arrive when they are needed rather than storing them, this enables the company to be more flexible and minimize its financial losses once the property bubble pops. Summary and conclusion Based on what has been presented in this report, it can be seen that entering into the Chinese market comes with both advantages and disadvantages. Disadvantages come in the form of considerable local competition while advantages come in the form of a newly wealthy middle and upper class within the country that have a considerable demand for western goods and brands. Reference List Aliber, RZ 2012, ââ¬ËGreat Recession or Mini-Depression?ââ¬â¢, Wilson Quar terly, vol. 36, no.1, pp. 52-56, via EBSCO database. Ataman, M, Van Heerde, H, Mela, C 2010, ââ¬ËThe Long-Term Effect of Marketing Strategy on Brand Salesââ¬â¢, Journal Of Marketing Research (JMR), vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 866-882, Business Source Premier , via EBSCO database. Hong, C 2012, ââ¬ËTrade liberalization, wages, and specialization in Chinaââ¬â¢, Journal Of The Japanese International Economies, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 561-577, via EBSCO database. Michael, DC 2007, ââ¬ËThe Sales and Distribution Revolutionââ¬â¢, China Business Review, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 20-23, Business Source Premier, via EBSCO database. Morris, CR 2012, ââ¬ËBoom Times Ahead?ââ¬â¢, Commonweal, vol.129, no. 15, pp. 20-22, Literary Reference Center, via EBSCO database. Mucha, T, Scheffler, M 2006, ââ¬ËFROM THE GROUND UPââ¬â¢, Crainââ¬â¢s Chicago Business, vol. 29, no. 26, p. 18, MasterFILE Premier, via EBSCO database. ââ¬ËRules of the gameââ¬â¢ 2008, Business China, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 4-5, Business Source Premier, via EBSCO database. ââ¬ËSafe as housesââ¬â¢ 2004, Economist, vol. 371, no. 8377, p. 41, MasterFILE Premier, via EBSCO database. Villar, M, Di, A, Segev, S 2012, ââ¬ËChinese and American perceptions of foreign-name brandsââ¬â¢, Journal Of Product Brand Management, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 341-349, Business Source Premier, via EBSCO database. Wang, J, Gunderson, M 2012, ââ¬ËMinimum wage effects on employment and wages: dif-in-dif estimates from eastern Chinaââ¬â¢, International Journal Of Manpower, vol. 33,no. 8, pp. 860-876, Business Source Premier, via EBSCO database. This report on Investment Report: Tesco was written and submitted by user Cassidy Vinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-51151778709978197662019-11-26T23:09:00.001-08:002019-11-26T23:09:04.878-08:00Parental Influence on Love Life Professor Ramos BlogParental Influence on Love Life Growing up you are told if a child acts good or bad itââ¬â¢s because of their parents, and they are reflecting them. If that is so, does your children really reflect your relationship mistakes or action when they start dating out in the world? According to Karen Stephens from Parenting Exchange, ââ¬Å"Children, in general, do tend to grow up to be a lot like their parents. Social scientists and genetic researchers have identified many cycles that loop from one generation to the nextâ⬠(Stephens). In the story Never Date a Mexican by Sandra Cisnoros this is to be true. In Never Marry a Mexican the main character Clemencia talks about her mother and farther who got married in America. Her mother and farther are the average loving couple which started with a romantic encounter involving a dance. You could say that her farther swooped her mother off from her feet, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ She turned around to the voice that was asking her to dance. A big show-off, sheââ¬â¢d say years l aterâ⬠(Cisneros 71). One day Clemenciaââ¬â¢s farther fell ill and was on his death bed. Was Clemenciaââ¬â¢s mom there like a wife should? No, instead she was with another man. This later leads to Clemenciaââ¬â¢s actions in her own love life. Clemencia mom states, ââ¬Å"Never Marry a Mexicanâ⬠(Cisneros 68). Clemenciaââ¬â¢s mom first husband was from Mexico and she was from America. Clemencia mother compares her relationship to her first husband to how being married to a Mexican is unhappy. This makes Clemencia also think this way. Not only Mexicans but being married to any man. It said in the Story Never Marry a Mexican, ââ¬Å"So, no. Iââ¬â¢ve never married and never will.â⬠(Cisneros 69) When she marries her new husband Clemencia feels like there is no home for her to go back too. Because her momââ¬â¢s new family has taken over the house. ââ¬Å"When she married that white manâ⬠and he and her boys moved into my fatherââ¬â¢s house, it was if she stopped being my motherâ⬠(Cisneros 73). This shows that Clemencia is saying that her affair with Owen separated their family and Clemenciaââ¬â¢s mom is no longer her mom. ââ¬Å"Shit! Because she knew as well as I did there was no home to go home to. Not with our Motherâ⬠(Cisneros 73). This has a direct effect on how she sees Drew and pursues him just like her mom pursues Owen, and also why she feels that it is okay possible ruin a family because Clemencia believes her mom ruined theirs. Parents are everything to children most of the time and when one of your parents are on their death bed it is a horrible time. What is the job of the other parent? It is believed the role the other parent is to be there for her kids and do all they can to make it better and at least not make it worst. What does the mom do the exact opposite for her family. She goes out and sleeps with another man ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ Owen Lambert, the foreman at the photo-finishing plan, who she was seeing even while my father was sickâ⬠(Cisneros 73). While her family is spending their last time with the farther before he passes away. This is similar to what Clemencia does with Drew on the night that his son is being born. ââ¬Å" â⬠¦ while his mother lay on her back laboring his birth, I lay with in his motherââ¬â¢s bed making love to youâ⬠(Cisneros 75). Clemencia and her mom are both involved into cheating, the one being cheated on both happen to be in the hospital during the act, and the one committing the act should be there for the wife or husband not doing what they are doing. Some might say this is a coincidence. I believe it is not for the reason that Clemencia sees her mom do it so why would it not be okay for her to do it also? Clemencia sates that she is a romantic but not at the same time in the text, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦Iââ¬â¢m too romantic for marriage. Marriage has failed me you could sayâ⬠(Cisneros 69). Her mom and farther started off happy with the romantic stuff that we all love. Things goes downhill in her parents love life and her mom cheats on her dad. Clemenciaââ¬â¢s mom makes a lot of excuses on why she cheated. She says, ââ¬Å"because I married to young, miââ¬â¢ja.â⬠she say, ââ¬Å"Because your farther, he was so much older than me, and I never had a chance to be youngâ⬠(Cisneros 73). Clemencia then sees that all good things come to an end and only wants the good stuff, ââ¬Å"Just the cream skimmed off the top. Just the sweetest part of the fruit, without the bitter shin that daily living with a spouse can rendâ⬠(Cisneros 69). So that is why Clemencia states that she likes her men barrowed which means that whatever man that she is messing around with belongs to someone else, ââ¬Å"Borrowed. Thatââ¬â¢s how Iââ¬â¢ve had my menâ⬠¦.â⬠(Cisneros 69). This is because she learned from her mom because she was with another man why her husband was dying in the hospital and she never has to get hurt like her dad and his family. How hard we try not to we seem to start to copy are parents in some way. If your daily influence was cheating and not happy with their relationship donââ¬â¢t you think that would affect your romantic choices on life. This is what happened to Clemencia, because she learned from her daily influence growing up and then lead to her choices of her love life. You wonââ¬â¢t notice the things that you learn from your parents, but at the end of the day we represent them in some way. We can learn and repeat good or bad things from our parents on what to do and not to do. Clemencia took her momââ¬â¢s cheating on her dad in a negative and positive light. She learned about relationships, to not to get into one because you will get hurt, and cheating or being with someone cheating is okay. That is what life lessons Clemencia took from her mom. Cisneros, Sandra./Woman Hollering Creek and Other stories./New York,Vintage,1991 Stephens, Karen. ââ¬Å"Parents Are Powerful Role Models for Children.â⬠Parenting Exchange, 2007, easternflorida.edu/community-resources/child-development-centers/parent-resource-library/documents/parents-powerful-role-models.pdf. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-2981039445901422002019-11-23T06:43:00.001-08:002019-11-23T06:43:04.352-08:00How To Make Magnetic SlimeHow To Make Magnetic Slime Put a twist on the classic slime science project by making magnetic slime. This is slime that reacts to a strong magnetic field, like a ferrofluid, but its easier to control. Its easy to make, too. Here is what you do: Magnetic Slime Materialsà white school glue (e.g., Elmers glue)liquid starchiron oxide powderà rare earth magnets Ordinary magnets are not strong enough to have much of an effect on magnetic slime. Try a stack of neodymium magnets for the best effect. Liquid starch is sold with laundry aids. Iron oxide is sold with scientific supplies and is available online. Magnetic iron oxide powder is also called powdered magnetite. Make Magnetic Slime You could simply mix the ingredients together at once, but once the slime polymerizes, it difficult to get the iron oxide to mix in evenly. The project works better if you mix the iron oxide powder with either the liquid starch or glue first. Stir 2 tablespoons of iron oxide powder into 1/4 cup of liquid starch. Continue stirring until the mixture is smooth.Add 1/4 cup of glue. You can mix the slime together with your hands or you can wear disposable gloves if you dont want to get any black iron oxide dust on your hands.You can play with magnetic slime just like you would with regular slime, plus it is attracted to magnets and is viscous enough to blow bubbles Safety and Clean Up If you wrap the magnets with plastic wrap, you can keep the slime from sticking to them.Clean up slime using warm, soapy water.Do not eat the slime, since too much iron is not good for you.Do not eat the magnets. There is a recommended age listed on magnets for this reason.This project is not suitable for very young childrenà since they might eat the slime or the magnets. Id aim for ages 5. Ferrofluid is more liquid than magnetic slime, so it forms better-defined shapes when exposed to a magnetic field, while silly putty is stiffer than the slime and can crawl slowly toward a magnet. All of these projects work best with rare earth magnets rather than iron magnets. For a really strong magnetic field, use an electromagnet, which can be made by running an electric current through a coil of wire. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-7340069362188738832019-11-21T04:24:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:24:18.415-08:00Indicators Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsIndicators - Essay Example This cuts costs for businesses which would enable them to reinvest the spare cans and hire more workers. There are also other ways that should be considered to address the problem of unemployment. These include training programs that are better than those in the past. This will ensure that the skills of employees are better matched to the jobs that are newly available. The full-time employment policies should also push for full-time employment a bit faster. This is because when labor markets grow tight, companies go ahead and hire any individual even those who have been unemployed for a time greater than one year. The gross domestic product is defined as the output of the final goods and services that are produced by a country. The GDP is calculated as Personal Consumption Expenditure plus Investment plus Government Expenditure plus (Exports minus Imports) The advantage of using real GDP is that it is dynamic because it changes with the constantly new figures. It is the best indicator of the overall economic health of a nation. The past figures show that GDP has increased since the last quarter and has been showing an increasing trend for the past two years. GDP is used as a coincident indicator as it changes at the same time the economy does. A negative economic growth for two quarters that are consecutive is considered a recession and the Federal Reserve usually lower the interest rates in this period in order to increase the rate at which the economy is growing and to stimulate the economy. Real GDP takes into account inflation as we multiply the nominal GDP with a deflator. GDP tells us if the economy is growing more quickly or slower than past years. The US sustainable rate as believed by economists is between 2.5% and 3 % as that has been the average rate in the past. The five components of GDP as cited above are private consumption, government consumption, investment and net exports. The Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-65856765400242382142019-11-19T19:46:00.001-08:002019-11-19T19:46:02.941-08:00The Museum of London Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsThe Museum of London - Essay Example Many items were drawn into the museum between the 18th and the 19th century. Due to all these, the museum holds the most important historic collections in Britain. The government of the United Kingdom commissioned draughts men who had accurate skills in recording to operate the museum. Currently the museum of London has more than five thousand historical objects from the societyââ¬â¢s collection that are documented. The database includes over more than three thousand items, which are digitized, and made available on their website. Inside the museum, there are historic objects that tell of a turbulent past of the country. The museum has intensified remains of the city whose dates reflect the times of the Roman Empire. In the London museum, one can discover the pre history of Britain and acquire knowledge on evolution of Britain from the time of the Roman Empire. The museum has the grandeur of medieval London and explores on the effects of the civil war, the plague, and the fires on the capital of United Kingdom (Humphrey, 2003:198). Some of the objects in the London museum were first shown to the natives of the country but now form part of the national museum. Other outstanding objects are missing in the museums record but the unique silver hanging bowl represents them all. The objects in the London museum range from the pre historic weapons and tools, the medieval pottery, woodblocks, and the bookbinding tools used by William Morris. There is also in the museum the clock made by Jacob Zech in Prague in the sixteenth century. The museum opts to expand the catalogue further in the future to cater for the emerging demands. Apart from all these the museum has also a hackney carriage, complete with a speaking tube that connects the museum guide to the audience or visitors for descriptive explanation incase of a stranger or tourist. The system has the ability to tune to any language to favor the visitor (Humphrey, 2003:204). The museums managing director, David Sp ence said that the present generation would shape the future of the museum. The museum is currently investigating the possibility of presenting more historic objects, which are currently present in other national museums. The Guildhall, which is the Favershamââ¬â¢s third best, was built on 1547 as a market hall by the efforts of the people of the town. The Guildhall is an open floor arcade provided to cover the interest of market traders as well as the customers. A popular building formula was common on the south east of England. The Guildhall was set on fire on 1814 as wellington was celebrating victory over the Napoleonic wars local yobs. The upper part of the hall had to be rebuilt. The facilitators took this opportunity to extend the hall by two bays to the north (Humphrey, 2003:212). The general outline of the hall remained the same but the designer worked in the then prevailing idiom and made it an arcade. The present elegancy of the Guildhall owes to the simplicity and goo d proportioning of flanks. Some of its windows are blind and solely reveal what would be monotony. A cornice neatly binds the hall to the tower and a continuous parapet that hides the low-pitched slate roof. The hall also has a fine Venetian window at the northern side end. Faversham is the only town in the whole of Europe that enjoys this service. St Bartholomew the great is an Anglican church Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-6592274710099414262019-11-17T08:17:00.001-08:002019-11-17T08:17:03.906-08:00Mexican Migrant Workers Essay Example for Free Mexican Migrant Workers Essay Migrant workers have long played a crucial role in the economy of the United States, there has always been a rather heavy flow of both legal and illegal immigrants to the United States. There is a large variety of different jobs available for both legal and illegal immigrants in the United States, many women find work with more affluent families and are employed as nannies or maids. Some women find work in factories, often turning out clothes or toys, which is often labor-intensive low-wage work and especially for those migrant workers that may not be in the country legally. Perhaps the most important role that these women play in the U. S. ââ¬â¢s economy involves our extensive agriculture sector. Prior to slave labor restrictions agriculture in the U. S. was largely dependent on slave labor, which was essentially free as one might expect. The first English colonies imported slave labor as early as 1619 and Spanish colonies had practiced intensive slave labor since the 1560s. Slave labor became increasingly important in producing high-value cash crops such as tobacco, sugar, coffee and cotton. Although slave labor was most important in Southern plantation style agriculture, it also played an integral role in agriculture in the North which is contrary to the popular belief of Northern states being intolerant towards slavery. After slavery was abolished in the 1860s and the slaves were emancipated, it was clear that those involved in agriculture would have to find another source of cheap labor to pick up the slack (Valdez 1). Luckily for North American farmers there were many sources of cheap labor at this time and many people willing to immigrate to find work. Shortly after the abolishment of slavery there was a very large influx of Chinese immigrants, a vast majority of these immigrants were put to work in agriculture as well as being integral to building the nations railroads. The flow of Chinese immigrants was curtailed by the U. S. government when they passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, generally believed to be a reaction to the decline of the gold rush with legislators using the Chinese as a scapegoat. Partially due to the loss of Chinese immigrant labor, many workers began migrating to the U. S. from Mexico and the Philippines. It is important to note that there were plenty of European immigrants that also found employment doing menial agricultural work, however their experiences were generally different than the experiences faced by Mexican workers. For instance, workers from England shared a common language and religion with their employers so it became easier to assimilate into society. Although there was some discrimination towards German and Irish immigrants due to the fact that these were generally Catholic countries, these differences were usually reconciled and didnââ¬â¢t take as much of a toll on those immigrants. However, employers soon found out that their Mexican laborers generally did not go on strike or demand higher wages even when their working conditions were quite poor, this led to increased discrimination and abuse towards Mexican migrants (Valdez 1). The use of Mexican migrant labor declined during the Great Depression, as many of the agricultural jobs filled by Mexicans were now highly sought after by internal migrant workers that hailed from Dust Bowl states and were generally desperate to find work. After World War Two, the U. S. economy was once again healthy and began to thrive as it had before the Great Depression. During the thirty or so years following World War Two a new trend began developing. This trend involved a large number of laborers traveling from the southern United States and Latin America (most notably Mexico) to perform seasonal agriculture work in the more northern states. Indeed, there were plenty of U. S. citizens that performed migrant labor at this time, often being placed in jobs by the Farm Labor Agency, though most employers began to see the benefits of informally employed migrant workers. Although many of these foreign workers were hired through government programs, their contracts were pre-determined by prospective employers. Essentially, this meant that employers had complete control over their workers and if any of them complained about poor working conditions or demanded higher wages they could immediately be deported at their employers whim. Working conditions certainly were poor during this time, many trends that are still perpetuated today began during this period. For instance, most migrant workers depended solely on their crew leader for goods and food which were often sold at exorbitant prices that created ââ¬Å"companyâ⬠debt for the workers. Aside from the grueling labor, most migrant workers lived in very poor conditions as well with far too many people often crammed into small, dilapidated shacks. Another trend that developed during this period is the increasing use of illegal migrant labor. Beginning during World War II Mexican citizens could legally travel to and work in the U. S. under the Bracero Program, justified due to the fact that crops couldnââ¬â¢t go un-harvested during war time. Essentially a guest worker program, the Bracero Program was active from 1942 to 1964 and during this time it sponsored approximately 4. million border crossings by Mexican migrant workers. This program enforced certain requirements on employers that mandated that an acceptable level of wages, housing, food and medical care be provided to their workers and as a result many migrant workers enjoyed higher standards of living than they had back home. As a result employers began seeking out illegal migrant workers that were not involved in the program, as they could pay them much lower wages while not providing any of the afore mentioned services. Pressure from employers as well as domestic agriculture labor unions (who viewed the Bracero program as an impediment to U.à S. born workers) eventually led to the demise of the Bracero program in 1964. As there was still a huge demand for cheap, agriculture labor and no longer a legal labor pool it is easy to see why there was such a flood of illegal migrant workers from Mexico (Valdez 2). Today, migrant workers are still every bit as important as they were in the past and a large majority of them continue to hail from Mexico. Federal law defines migrant workers as anyone that travels more than 75 miles in search of employment, and by this definition at the turn of the 21st Century there were an estimated 2. million people working as agricultural laborers with a scant 12 % of these workers establishing temporary residences while working and roughly half still considering Mexico to be home. Between 1990 and 2001 the total of Mexican born migrant workers working in agriculture rose from about 30% of the work force to nearly 50%. Although these workers still constitute a small portion of all the U. S. ââ¬â¢s wage and salaried workers they play a critical role in the more labor intensive aspects involved in the production of all fresh, canned, frozen and processed foods consumed in the U. S. More than 85% of all fruit and vegetable crops in the U.à S. require hand planting, hand cultivation and hand harvesting which is extremely labor intensive. Despite their importance in this industry, around the turn of the 21st Century Mexican migrant workers earned an average yearly income that was only about 40% of the official poverty rate (CIA 1). Although the large majority of migrant agriculture workers are male, there is still a very large number of female migrant workers seeking employment within the U. S. To understand the plight of these women we first must understand exactly why they choose to travel to the U. S. in search of work. One of the key push factors for these women is the poor economic conditions that Mexico has historically faced. Mexico went through a very harmful debt crisis in the 1980s that has played a large role in the countries current economic woes. Currently, Mexicoââ¬â¢s GDP growth rate is a dismal -6. 5% which places it 200th compared to the rest of the world. Mexico also has an unemployment rate of 5. 5% with an underemployment rate of nearly 25%. Using a food based definition of poverty about 18% of Mexico lives in poverty, however when using an asset based definition for poverty a whopping 47% of Mexicans live in poverty (CIA 1). Due to this impoverished conditions many Mexican women have trouble finding work, and although the literacy rates for males and females are roughly equal in Mexico, and males are generally chosen over women for the jobs that do exist. It is easy to see why so many Mexican women are eager to travel to the U. S. in hopes of finding better jobs and higher wages. Along with money woes, this extensive level of poverty also takes its toll on relationships. When times get tough, there is often more strain at home and husbands and wives are more likely to not get along. Although this is certainly not a problem that is unique to Mexico, there is one key cultural component: Machismo. There is no single, set definition of Machismo, but it is generally viewed as what traditional Mexican culture believes to be acceptable masculinity. Certainly, not every Mexican male fits this Machismo stereotype and there isnââ¬â¢t necessarily anything wrong with the ideals that men should aspire to be strong and tough. However, there are many critics of the Machismo culture and believe that it is very counter-productive and harmful towards women. For instance, it is believed that the Macho man should be able to provide for his wife and family and when poor economic conditions are an obstacle to this the man may often feel inadequate and embarrassed (Soong 1). This wouldnââ¬â¢t be as big of an issue if one of the key pillars of the Machismo man involved violence. Shockingly, one-third of native Mexican women interviewed stated that a husband had the right to hit his wife if she hadnââ¬â¢t fulfilled her obligations and 42% of those interviewed admitted that they had even been beaten as young girls. It appears that the ability for men to assert their dominance over women through violence is an accepted part of Mexican culture and most men are never punished for committing what amounts to very criminal acts. It is believed that between 1999 and 2005 an estimated 6,000 women were murdered in Mexico, with most of these deaths being caused by domestic violence at the hands of their husbands or boyfriends. Of course, we realize that not all or even most Mexican men behave this way however it is certainly a large enough cultural problem to cause a lot of strain on Mexican women. Many women, already overwhelmed by economic worries, leave Mexico simply to get themselves, and often their children, away from abusive relationships (Soong 2). As we have now outlined two key push factors, both economic and social, it is also important to recognize the pull factors: the reasons behind why women choose to migrate to the U. S. The U. S. is very appealing to Mexican women, as they believe that they will be offered better jobs and better wages upon arriving. Unsurprisingly, American companies are also integral in luring these Mexican women to the U. S. s they have began to rely on the cheap, docile labor that these women provide. In fact, many U. S. companies have been known to use Mexican immigrants as an example for how the American Dream can be accomplished. Many American businesses are now creating marketing campaigns that explicitly target Mexican immigrants, knowing full well that they will attract just as many illegal immigrants in the process. Even though these businesses are only seeking to exploit them, many Mexicans and especially Mexican women are interpreting these ads as a sign that they will be more readily accepted in American society and this makes migrating to the U.à S. even more appealing (Wyans 4). Many Mexican women also believe that the U. S. is some sort of egalitarian utopia, even though that is far from true. With the American societies push to be ââ¬Å"politically correctâ⬠and aim for a level playing field, many Mexican women feel that the gender inequalities they experienced in Mexico will not exist in the U. S. This idea of an egalitarian U. S. most certainly stems from the very biased media that America exports to around the world, which undoubtedly paints America in a very positive light. Even though the Mexican woman migrating to the U. S. ay secure a more lucrative job and better living conditions, she will most likely face most of the same social ills she had experienced in Mexico (Wyans 5). When taking these push/pull factors in to account it is no shock that so many Mexican women are migrating to the U. S. Most casual observers assume that these Mexican women are only migrating because they are passively accompanying their husbands but this is certainly not the case, especially in recent years. In fact, more than half of the migrant workers from all Latin American countries traveling to the U. S. are women traveling by the own volition. Migrant workers as a whole are confided to the lower skill sector of the labor market, and the women among these migrant workers usually only find work in the lowest manual positions such as childcare, industrial cleaning, food processing and sewing. Not only are female migrant workers given the worst of already poor jobs, they are almost always paid less than their male migrant counterparts. Employers have also caught on to one key trait among female migrant workers, many of them are unwilling to demand higher wages or complain about working conditions simply because they are responsible for their children at home. This leads many employers to subject women to longer hours, lower pay and worse working conditions than they would expect a male worker to put up with (Cultural Survival 1). As I had previously stated, migrant workers play a key role in harvesting and processing our nations food. A very intriguing example of the role that female Mexican migrant workers play in this sector of our economy involves Marylandââ¬â¢s crab industry. Each year, hundreds of Mexican women travel to the Eastern Shore of Maryland to work for Maryland crab companies. These women generally enter the U. S. legally, by obtaining a temporary work visa known as an H-2B Visa. Although the H-2B program was originally intended to the employer to temporarily supplement his current domestic work force with migrant workers, most of Marylandââ¬â¢s crab companies have begun to rely solely on H-2B workers. The H-2B program is quite similar to the government programs I mentioned earlier. The key similarity and cause for concern is the fact that an H-2B guest worker is essentially bound by regulations to a single employer, so any demand for higher wages or better working conditions can still be met with the threat of deportation (Paral 8). In order to obtain an H-2B visa most women meet with local recruiters in Mexico.à These women are already being exploited before they leave their home town, as these H-2B recruiters illegally force them to pay large fees in order to obtain their H-2B permits. Many of the women that canââ¬â¢t afford these fabricated fees wind up working out loans with their H-2B recruiter, which generally have exorbitant interest rates that put the women further in debt. Legally, these recruiters are not allowed to charge any fees but it is impossible to enforce U. S. relations south of the border. Employers are often able to send certain messages via recruiters that violate U. S.à Civil Rights laws, they are able to suggest that recruiters discriminate when choosing employees and are able to plead ignorance if ever reprimanded for their recruiters behavior. After receiving their H-2B visas, the women cross the border and board a bus that will take them to Maryland. They are not informed how long the trip will take, and although they are told to bring American dollars to buy food, many women either cannot afford to eat or are too intimidated by the language barrier to shop for food and as a result go the entire 2-3 day bus trip without eating (Kloer 1). When these women finally make it to Maryland they typically rent houses that are owned by their employers and located on islands in Chesapeake Bay. Crab companies are not legally required to provide housing for the crab pickers, but most own and operate rental houses in order to ensure that their workers remain close to the crab picking houses. The houses not located on islands may just as well be, because during high tide the bridges and roads connecting them with the mainland become impassable. These houses are usually in very poor condition and the women often complain about such problems as non-working stoves, leaks, and poor plumbing. These poorly maintained houses have also been known to house up to 30 women at one time, some women interviewed reported sharing a bedroom with up to 7 other women. Most women must either share beds with other women or sleep on the floor and generally have little to no privacy while staying in rental housing. To top it off, very few companies give keys to their tenants which means they cannot even lock their houses to protect their possessions while working in the crab picking houses (AUWCL 3). Many of the rental houses also have problems that are in direct violation of the counties housing code, such as broken windows and mold infestations. Despite these infractions, no legal action has been taken by the county in order to ensure that these rental houses be in livable condition. Not only are the living conditions of these rental properties very poor, living on an island is also detrimental to the women in some very significant ways. Since these women reside on an island when not working, they become very isolated from the rest of the local community. One almost wonders if these houses werenââ¬â¢t strategically placed by the employers, because living in such isolation shields their plight from the locals and also forces them to rely solely on their employer (Kloer 2). Since there is no public transportation to and from the island, and these women cannot afford to buy a boat, they must rely on their employer for transportation to the mainland. Many companies only arrange transportation for their workers weekly and on fixed days, because there is limited space on the boat only a limited number of women can go to town at once. As a result of this some women reported having to wait two or three weeks before they could get to the mainland to purchase groceries, this meant that they had to rely on fellow workers for food and other items. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3140129685948362666.post-60845647424852192532019-11-14T20:48:00.001-08:002019-11-14T20:48:03.379-08:00The Coup de Grace :: essays papersThe Coup de Grace The short film, The Coup de Grace is a realistic war movie that illustrates the casualties of war. This film does not glorifies war, instead it gives a very realistic view of its aftermath. One of the many artistic techniques use in this movie is the illusion of action which is achieved by the quick movement of the camera. For example, the Captain at the beginning of his search is stationary and facing forward for a long time. As he is facing forward, the background is in motion giving a sense of action. This means that the world around him is moving on and time does not stop for no one. Finally he moves aimlessly for a long time. This shows that to try to find someone in such a situation is not an easy task to do. He choose to do it alone even though he could have gather some soldiers to help him make the task faster if not easier. Perhaps he was afraid of the outcome and how he would handle it emotionally thus losing his bearing in front of his men. As he is searching, he is ver y gentle and careful went he turns the death bodies around to make a positive identification of his friend. He is giving the bodies the outmost respect even thought they are dead. The captain finally finds his wounded best friend. He reacted in an angry and confused way. The wounded sergeant had regressed to an earlier stage of development to deal with the immense pain of his wound. Seen his friend like this made the captain remember an earlier happy time went the sergeant was free of pain and injuries. The flashback is another artistic technique use in the film. The two friends are conversating and reminiscing their childhood. It is important to notice how yellow green the grass is in this scene compared to lather. The sergeantââ¬â¢s older bother, the major disturbs their happy conversation. The artistic technique use to do this is shown with an immediate sun spot. The sergeant gets up and renders a salute, but the captain does not salutes showing disrespect toward the major. The major expresses his jealously and gives him his assignment adding that if the captain wished, he could give it to someone else of lesser rank. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00171800550170770569noreply@blogger.com0